乌克兰预算分权执行情况分析与评价

I. Shtuler, Jaroslav Lysai
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摘要

本文旨在分析和评价乌克兰预算分权的实施情况。在过去十年中,乌克兰一直在建立预算间关系的新条件下开展工作。权力下放正在进行,这意味着地方管理体制的改革。这导致了新的行政和领土单位-领土社区的形成。旨在协调欧洲各项国际条约的立法也正在积极拟订和通过。然而,目前乌克兰的地方自治政府还没有获得一种强大的、有财政能力的公共权力行使形式。到今天为止,欧洲地方自治在财政分权的实施和实施方面的经验已经在乌克兰得到了实施。实际上,这意味着地方自治团体独立自主地决定填补预算和支付费用的收入。本文分析了地方预算的补充和支出,其中包括对国家预算的转移,并确定了在这种情况下是出现赤字还是盈余。地方预算现金收入最高的一年是2018年,为5624.218亿澳门元,比2018年减少1962.787亿澳门元。比2016年还多。地方预算的支出也在逐年增加。在研究财政分权时,我们将研究税收部分,因为税费是支持地方自治团体活动的财政基础。关于形成和形成补充地方预算的最佳结构以及扩大地方当局的税收权力和权限的问题需要注意。
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ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET DECENTRALIZATION IN UKRAINE
The article is devoted to the analysis and evaluation of the implementation of budget decentralization in Ukraine. For the last decade, Ukraine has been operating under new conditions for the formation of inter-budgetary relations. Decentralization of power is taking place, which means reforming the local management system. This led to the formation of new administrative and territorial units - territorial communities. Legislation aimed at harmonizing Europe's international treaties is also being actively developed and adopted. However, at present, the local self-government of Ukraine has not yet acquired a powerful and financially capable form of exercise of public power. As of today, the European experience of local self-government in the implementation and implementation of fiscal decentralization has been implemented in Ukraine. In practice, this means that local self-government bodies independently and independently make decisions regarding revenues that fill their budgets and pay expenses. The article analyzes the replenishment and expenditures of local budgets, which include transfers to the state budget, and determines whether a deficit or surplus occurs in this case. The largest amount of cash receipts of local budgets was in 2018 and amounted to UAH 562,421.8 million, which is by UAH 196,278.7 million. more than in 2016. The amount of money spent by local budgets also grew every year. Studying financial decentralization, we will examine the tax component, because taxes and fees are the basis of financial support for the activities of local self-government bodies. Issues regarding the formation and formation of the optimal structure of replenishment of local budgets and the expansion of tax powers and competences of local authorities require attention.
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