The Possible Role of Apelin and Sirtuin 1 in Migraine Pathogenesis

Correspondence: Taylan Altıparmak, M.D. Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı, Ankara, Turkey E-mail: tayalt@hotmail.com Submitted: 12.08.2021 Accepted: 20.10.2021 Cite this article as: Yazıcıoğlu Cezayir D, İrkeç C, Altıparmak T, Tural R, Altan N. The Possible Role of Apelin and Sirtuin 1 in Migraine Pathogenesis. Lokman Hekim Health Sci 2021;1(2):66–69. Copyright 2021 Lokman Hekim Health Sciences OPEN ACCESS This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). BRIEF REPORT Our study presented as a poster and only of the abstract section in PACTRIMS 2017. 67 Yazıcıoğlu Cezayir et al.; Apelin and Sirtuin 1 in Migraine Pathogenesis / doi: 10.14744/lhhs.2021.80003 of several organs. It is a key regulator in a normal glucolipid metabolism, also playing a potential role in obesity, insulin resistance, controlling water, and food intake.[5] Whether migraine creates a neurodegenerative process remains a controversial subject; we hypothesize that apelin and SIRT1 molecules may have a possible role in this pathogenesis. Materials and Methods Study Design and Data Analysis Thirty patients were accepted in this study who had applied to Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurology Department between 2014 and 2015 years. Patients have been diagnosed as having migraine according to The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition beta version (ICHD–III beta), and patients who had systemic comorbidity especially inflammatory conditions, obesity, and severe cardiac pathologies were excluded from this study. In the migraine group, 22 patients had episodic migraine and 8 had chronic migraine. Four patients had migraines with aura, and 26 had migraines without aura. Furthermore, 12 patients were in an attack period, and 18 were in an attack-free period at the time blood samples were obtained. All patients with migraine with aura were also in the episodic migraine group. The mean disease duration of the patients after diagnosis was 5.6 years. At the time of sampling, all patients have received treatment. The treatment that had been received by chronic migraine patients were amitriptyline, propranolol, duloxetine, topiramate, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and triptans; and the treatments received by episodic patients who had less than three attacks in a month were only nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and triptans. Furthermore, 20 healthy volunteers, with similar age and gender compared to the migraine group, were included in this study as a control group. The study was approved by the ethics committee of Keçiören Training and Research Hospital (No. 891 dated 24.06.2015). All individuals who were included in the study were informed about the study and their written consents were obtained. Experimental Procedure Ten cubic centimeters (cc) peripheric blood samples were obtained from patients and healthy volunteers. Serum parts were separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 min. Serum samples were stored at −70°C until analysis. Quantitative measurement of serum SIRT1 and apelin was done with ELISA technique. After standard medium containing SIRT1 and apelin antibodies were diluted, serum samples were added to the wells, incubated at room temperature for 2.5 h, washed, and then incubated with biotin antibody for 1 h. After washing, streptavidin was added, left for 45 h, and washed again, and one-step reagents (Bioassay Technology Laboratory® Human SIRT1 and Apelin Kit, Shanghai, China) were added and incubated for 30 min. The concentrations of SIRT 1 and apelin were determined spectrophotometrically. Absorbance values at 450 nm were determined using an ELISA reader. Statistical Analysis Data analysis was performed by using IBM SPSS 21.0 statistical software package. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods (frequency, percentage, median, min-max) and the comparison of qualitative data with Chisquare and Fisher’s and Yates Chi-square (c2). Compliance was assessed by a normal distribution of data Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. A probability (p) value below 0.05 was accepted significant.