信息时代新的教育目标与方法

A. Bobunova, Ben Choi
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摘要

知识就是力量。网络上的知识扩展了人类思维的力量。本文提出了一种利用网络知识拓展人类思维的教育模式。提出的模型是修订后的Bloom分类法的六个层次的更新版本,用于对教育学习目标进行分类。新的基于网络的模式通过修改前三个层次:访问(主要是代替记忆),验证(包括理解),利用(包括应用),专注于用网络知识扩展人的思维。首先,“访问”是扩展一个人的记忆以包括网络上可获得的信息的关键。其次,需要“验证”来确定资源、可用信息的有效性以及从众多资源中进行选择。第三,“利用”侧重于使用网络上可用的工具和知识来实现自己的目标。修改后的Bloom分类法中较高的三个级别“分析”、“评估”和“创建”保持不变。实验在RUDN大学医学研究所进行,以测试所提出的模型。实验旨在测试获取网络知识的访问、验证和利用过程,以达到教育目的。实验结果表明,学生可以独立地遵循过程,利用网络上的知识扩展知识。由于我们新的基于网络的模式和实验的结果,调整我们的教育目标和方法以满足信息时代的需要可能是必要和重要的。
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New Educational Objectives and Methodologies for the Information Age
Knowledge is power. The knowledge on theWeb expands the power of human minds. This paper presents a model of education for extending human minds with the knowledge on the Web. The proposed model is an updated version of the six levels of the revised Bloom’s taxonomy used to classify educational learning objectives. The new web-based model focuses on extending one’s mind with knowledge on the Web by modifying the first three levels: Access (mostly replace memory), Validate (including understand), Utilize (including apply). First, "Access" is the key to expand one’s memory to include information available on the Web. Second, "Validate" is needed to determine resources, the validity of the available information and to choose from numerous resources. Third, "Utilize" focuses on using tools and knowledge available on the Web to achieve one’s objectives. The higher three levels "Analyze", "Evaluate", and "Create” of the revised Bloom’s taxonomy remain unchanged. Experiments were conducted at the Medical Institute of RUDN University to test the proposed model. The experiments were aimed at testing the processes of Access, Validate, and Utilize for getting knowledge on theWeb to achieve educational objectives. The results of the experiments show that students can follow the processes independently to expand their knowledge with the use of knowledge on the Web. As the results of our new web-based model and experiments, it may be necessary and important to adapt our educational objectives and methodologies to meet the needs of our information age.
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