贝宁中部帕拉库市树木对人口生态系统服务的特征

Prucelle Elisée Zohoun, David Makodjami Baloubi, E. M. Azalou-Tingbe, I. Yabi
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摘要

与发展中国家的城市一样,帕拉库市正在经历迅速的城市化,其后果是树木结构遭到破坏,与之相关的文化知识逐渐丧失。但在这个城市,由于几个原因,树木得以保留或种植。本文旨在根据城市居民的不同社会类别,对与这些树木相关的生态系统服务功能进行表征。通过Dagnelie公式确定的370名居民样本被用来收集信息。对生态系统服务类型的识别率进行了评估。采用协方差分析(ANCOVA)分析社会群体对服务识别率的影响。利用对应因子分析(CFA)对不同类群的生态系统服务功能进行了表征。共确定了30种生态系统服务,分为提供服务、调节服务、文化服务和支持服务4大类24类。结果显示,被提及最多的服务依次为空气调节(90%)、食物(86%)、审美愉悦(40%)和药用价值(36%)。社会文化群体和教育水平对生态系统识别率有很大影响。两个社会群体对生态系统服务的特征表明,每个社会群体对生态系统服务的兴趣取决于它每天从树木中获得的利益。尽管人们认识到树木提供的服务,但他们并没有积极参与保护树木,这证明了帕拉库市树木层密度低的原因。这引起了对与Parakou市树木推广有关的社会经济和体制限制的研究。
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Characterization of the Ecosystem Services Rendered to the Population by Trees in the City of Parakou in Central Benin
The city of Parakou, like cities in developing countries, is experiencing rapid urbanization with the consequences of the destruction of the tree fabric and the progressive loss of cultural knowledge related to it. But in this city, tree species are spared or planted for several reasons. This paper aims to characterize the ecosystem services associated with these trees according to different social categories of urban dwellers. A sample of 370 inhabitants determined by Dagnelie's formula is used to collect the information. The rate of identification of the types of ecosystem services has been assessed. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the influence of social groups on the rate of identification of services. The characterization of ecosystem services according to the different groups was done using the Correspondence Factor Analysis (CFA). A total of 30 ecosystem services grouped into 24 types in 4 categories, namely provisioning services, regulating services, cultural services and support services were identified. It emerges that the most cited services are respectively, in decreasing order, air regulation (90%), food (86%), aesthetic pleasure (40%) and medicinal virtues (36%). The socio-cultural group and the level of education strongly influence the rate of ecosystem identification. The characterization of ecosystem services by to social groups shows that the interest shown by each social group in ecosystem services depends on the benefits it derives from the tree on a daily basis. Although the population recognizes the services provided by trees, it is not actively involved in their conservation, which justifies the low density of the tree layer in the city of Parakou. This gives rise to research on the socio-economic and institutional constraints linked to the promotion of trees in the city of Parakou.
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