The cultural formation of S/M: History and analysis

The cultural visibility of sadomasochism (S/M) has grown markedly in the last 30 years. Is this simply the most recent manifestation of an erotic style that predates terminology such as ‘sadomasochism?’ or is it a unique reflection of contemporary Western culture? This study uses a cultural theory perspective to frame the history of S/M. Synthesising previous research, it presents a new theoretical model of cultural formation and function. The model predicts that sexual cultures develop in five distinct stages, reflect historical and social conditions, and serve specific functions for their members. This study finds that the evolution of S/M conforms to this model and suggests that S/M constitutes both a new sexual culture and a new sexual identity.