A comprehensive assessment of novel transducer requirements for smart grid applications.

Changes in electric grid structure and dynamics are driving utilities and grid operators towards the need of better awareness of state of entire electric grid, from distribution system to end-user asset control and coordination. However, a complete, comprehensive and integrated situational awareness (information) of the dynamic state of the overall grid is lacking due to not enough sensing devices in critical location. The barrier to deploying more sensors are cost, complexity and data overload. This paper addresses fundamental functional requirements for new electrical transducers for the smart grid, from electrical performance to cyber-security aspects.