Normal function and movement

In this chapter, we will begin with a basic overview of the principles of human movement, anatomy, and function, before discussing the foot structure–function relationship. We will then briefly review the principles and techniques of gait analysis, followed by a review of walking and the gait cycle and the response of ankle cartilage during gait. Next, a description of normal movement and foot function, reviewing tissue- and joint-specific function, as well as complex systematic foot function, will be given. Finally, a review of some specialized techniques for studying foot function, including computational modelling, biplane fluoroscopy, and cadaveric gait simulation, will be provided.