几个重要基因家族对高粱农艺性状的影响

M. Hailemariam
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摘要

高粱(高粱双色);[Moench])是撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)和南亚干旱和半干旱地区5亿多贫困和粮食不安全人口的主要粮食,是粮食和营养安全(SA)的重要作物。高粱在这些干旱易发地区最受欢迎,因为它对恶劣环境的耐受性好,产量高,而且是一种很好的饲料来源。本文通过文献综述的方法,对高粱的生产和利用进行了系统的梳理,对基因家族及其进化过程、基因家族理论、基因家族对高粱农艺性状的影响进行了探讨,并对高粱的10个关键基因家族进行了深入研究。高粱改良的前景包括基因组选择和基因家族选择以及比较基因组选择。此外,了解这些基因家族的机制对于解决困扰高粱生产的问题(包括感染、干旱和热胁迫)非常重要。如果我们有上述目标基因家族(GWAS),我们可以利用标记辅助选择、基因组选择(GS)、标记辅助回交(MABC)、标记辅助循环选择(MARS)、标记辅助选择(MAS)和全基因组选择(GWAS)等现代技术准确地改进性状。高粱作为理想品种:未来路径与展望。
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The effects of a few important gene families on sorghum agronomic traits
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), a main food for more than 500 million impoverished and food insecure people in arid and semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia, is an important crop for food and nutritional security (SA). Sorghum has the most acceptance in these drought-prone areas due to its good tolerance to harsh settings, high yield, and use as a good source of forages. In this review, the objective of this study is to document the production and use Sorghum in improvement programmed through a literature review, we used publications from journals to explore gene families, how they evolved, gene family theories, how gene families influenced agronomic features in sorghum, and in-depth studies of the key ten gene families in sorghum. The future prospects on sorghum enhancement include genomic selections and gene families, as well as comparative genomic selections. Furthermore, understanding the mechanism of these gene families is important for addressing problems that plague sorghum production, including as infections, drought, and heat stress.  We can accurately improve traits using modern techniques such as marker-assisted selection, Genomic selections (GS), Marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC), Marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS), Marker-assisted selections (MAS), and Genome-wide selections (GWAS) if we have the above gene families of interest (GWAS). Sorghum as a desirable breed: future paths and prospects.
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