实施补充喂养计划和婴幼儿喂养咨询,作为大流行期间预防发育迟缓的一项计划

Tasya Sabila Febriyati, Dewi Marhaeni Diah Herawati, Gina Megawati
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摘要

为减少COVID-19大流行的传播和COVID-19大流行本身,大规模社会限制(PSBB)对公共卫生中心(Puskesmas)开展的发育迟缓预防计划产生了影响,包括补充喂养计划(PMT)和婴幼儿喂养咨询(PMBA),这种情况发生在印度尼西亚的各个地区,包括万隆。本研究旨在研究新冠肺炎大流行期间,Buahbatu公共卫生中心(万隆市发育迟缓率最高的公共卫生中心之一)工作区域PMT和PMBA咨询方案的实施情况。本研究采用混合方法并发嵌入方法,在本研究中,定量数据用于确定COVID-19大流行前(2017-2019)和COVID-19大流行期间(2020年)PMT和PMBA咨询覆盖率的百分比,作为深度访谈的支持定性数据。结果表明,儿童发育迟滞率呈逐年上升趋势,特别是在新冠肺炎大流行期间,尽管PMT和PMBA咨询在新冠肺炎大流行初期受到阻碍,但在新冠肺炎大流行期间仍继续开展PMT和PMBA咨询,因此,公共卫生中心官员和干部进行了多次调整和创新,使2020年发育迟滞儿童比例为23.20%。到2020年,PMT的覆盖率为100%,但PMBA咨询的覆盖率仅为9%。PMT顺利进行,所以所有的孩子都得到了PMT,而PMBA咨询运行,但只给少数发育不良的孩子,因为一些障碍。
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Implementation Supplementary Feeding Program and Infant and Young Child Feeding Counseling as a Stunting Prevention Program During Pandemic
Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) as an effort to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic itself hasan impact on stunting prevention program carried out by Public Health Centers (Puskesmas), including the Supplementary Feeding Program (PMT) and Infant and Young Child Feeding Counseling (PMBA) and this condition occurs in various regions in Indonesia, including Bandung. This study aimed to examine the implementation of PMT and PMBA counseling program during the COVID-19 pandemic in the working area of the Buahbatu Public Health Center as one of the public health centers with the highest stunting number in Bandung. This study using the mixed methods concurrent embedded method, in this study quantitative data were used to determine percentage of PMT and PMBA counseling coverage before the COVID-19 pandemic (2017-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (in 2020) as supporting qualitative data done with in-depth interviews. The results showed that the stunting rate increased every year especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, PMT and PMBA counseling continued to be carried out during the COVID-19 Pandemic even though at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic the program was hampered, so several adjustments and innovation were made by the public health center officers and cadres to made percentage of stunting children in 2020 is 23,20%, percentage of PMT coverage in 2020 is 100% but percentage for PMBA counseling coverage in 2020 is only 9%. PMT runs smoothly so that all children get PMT, while PMBA counseling runs but is only given to a few stunted children because of some obstacles.
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