乌克兰用于人力资本发展的综合预算支出

Yurii Radionov
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引用次数: 4

摘要

本文分析了乌克兰人力资本开发综合预算的支出情况。确立了当前经济转型条件下财政资源的主要流向。特别是,在过去两年和本研究的整个五年期间,用于经济活动的支出一直以稳定的高速度增长。此外,在过去两年中,卫生和国防开支大幅增加。然而,与前2019年相比,2020年(每个部门)分配给环境保护、住房和公共服务的资金减少了近70%,这表明政府对这些重要领域缺乏关注。为确保改革进程,教育部门得到适当水平的资助。委员会指出,预算支出是确保国家社会经济发展的可持续动力、改善公民福利、增加公共产品和社会服务的数量的重要工具。值得注意的是,2020年国家预算执行出现较大赤字,比2019年增长2.7倍。在这种情况下,科学家和从业者将COVID-19与全球大流行联系起来。后者极大地影响了综合预算支出和财政资源的分配,以资助经济的优先部门。重点指出预算宣言不通过、预算资金管理和使用效率低下等问题,在一定程度上阻碍了国民经济、人力资本、经济增长的发展。提出了进一步研究乌克兰综合预算费用在单独部门和接受有效行政决定方面的方向。
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EXPENDITURES OF THE CONSOLIDATED BUDGET OF UKRAINE FOR HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT
The article analyzes the expenditures of the consolidated budget of Ukraine for human capital development. It is established the main directions of financial resources in the current conditions of economic transformation. In particular, expenditures on economic activity have been growing at a steadily high rate, both in the last two years and in the entire five-year period under study. In addition, spending on health and national defense has increased significantly over the past two years. However, in 2020, almost 7,0 percent less (for each sector) was allocated to environmental protection and housing and communal services than in the previous 2019, which is evidence of the government’s lack of attention to these important areas. To ensure the reform process, the education sector is funded at the appropriate level. It is noted that budget expenditures are an important tool for ensuring sustainable dynamics of socio-economic development of the country, improving the welfare of citizens, increasing the volume of public goods and social services. It is noted that in 2020 the execution of the state budget was carried out with a significant deficit, which increased 2,7 times compared to 2019. This situation, scientists and practitioners associated with the global pandemic COVID-19. The latter has significantly affected the consolidated budget expenditures and the allocation of financial resources to finance priority sectors of the economy. Emphasis is placed on the problems of non-adoption of the Budget Declaration, inefficient management and use of budget funds, which is to some extent a deterrent to the development of the national economy, human capital, economic growth. The directions of further researches of expenses of the consolidated budget of Ukraine in the context of separate branches and acceptance of effective administrative decisions are offered.
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