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INSTITUTIONAL FIELD OF RETURNING INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TO UKRAINE: PROBLEMS OF METHODOLOGY 知识资本回归乌克兰的制度领域:方法论问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2019-1-108-116
Mykola Verbovyi
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引用次数: 0
EDUCATION AS A SUBJECT OF THE UKRAINIAN LABOR MARKET DURING MARTIAL LAW 戒严令期间,教育是乌克兰劳动力市场的一个主题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2023-2-5-20
V. Popova, V. Popov
An urgent issue is to conduct systematic studies of the education role in the Ukrainian labor market formation and functioning. The study�s purpose is to identify the existing prerequisites and determine directions for the educational sector development as one of the Ukrainian labor market defining subjects. For this, several complex tasks of a comparative analysis of Ukraine�s official statistical data in peace (2021) and war (2022) years are being solved. The general methodological orientation is to identify relative proportions, taking into account the martial law impact on the labor market and the statistical information reliability. Macroeconomic indicators of the Ukraine labor market are studied by the methods of structural and diversified intersectional comparison and statistical analysis of stochastic dependencies under uncertain conditions. Theoretical generalizations of changes in macroeconomic indicators and the interpretation for the future are based on the results of the structural-dynamic analysis. Under martial law, there was a reduction in supply and demand by almost 2 times against the backdrop of a significant increase in market imbalance. According to the results of the statistical data processing, the direction and form of education activation as a catalyst for the recovery and development of the economy of Ukraine are proposed. The initial direction in the current Ukraine labor market is to use the education potential to eliminate the jobs lacking. Providing knowledge to the unemployed to fill existing vacancies remains the education prerogative. The form of implementation of these directions is the diversification of education on the basis of public-private partnerships. The public-private institutional field appropriate adjustment in the form of training and qualification complexes (primarily in the vocational education area) is a step toward the public-private partnerships introduction in other economic sectors. Further research should be focused on finding ways to activate education as the labor market subject of forming quantitative and qualitative parameters. For example, in relation to the required and available qualifications of the unemployed, working conditions, and the level of remuneration.
当务之急是对教育在乌克兰劳动力市场形成和运作中的作用进行系统研究。该研究的目的是确定现有的先决条件,并确定教育部门发展的方向,作为乌克兰劳动力市场的定义科目之一。为此,正在解决对乌克兰和平(2021年)和战争(2022年)年官方统计数据进行比较分析的几个复杂任务。一般的方法取向是确定相对比例,考虑到戒严令对劳动力市场的影响和统计信息的可靠性。采用不确定条件下的结构性、多元化交叉比较和随机依赖统计分析方法,对乌克兰劳动力市场宏观经济指标进行了研究。宏观经济指标变化的理论概括和对未来的解释是基于结构动态分析的结果。在戒严令下,供需减少了近两倍,而市场不平衡却显著增加。根据统计数据处理的结果,提出了教育激活作为乌克兰经济复苏和发展催化剂的方向和形式。目前乌克兰劳动力市场的最初方向是利用教育潜力来消除缺乏的工作。向失业者提供知识以填补现有空缺仍然是教育的特权。实施这些方向的形式是在公私伙伴关系的基础上实现教育的多样化。公私机构领域适当调整培训和资格综合形式(主要是在职业教育领域)是在其他经济部门实行公私伙伴关系的一个步骤。进一步的研究应着眼于寻找如何激活教育作为劳动力市场主体形成定量和定性参数的途径。例如,与失业者所需的和可获得的资格、工作条件和薪酬水平有关。
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引用次数: 0
INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION UNDER MARTIAL CONDITIONS AND TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EU EXPERIENCE 为军事条件下的全纳教育管理提供信息和分析支持,并考虑到欧盟的经验
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2022-4-17-30
A. Lytvynchuk, Andrii Kyrianov, Julia Irynevich, I. Gaiduk
The purpose of the article is to study modern ways of improving information and analytical support for the management of inclusive education in crisis conditions, taking into account the experience of the EU. The list of components that compose the central software and technical complex of the automated system of inclusive resource centers (AS "IRC") was described. The types of modern threats to the information security of the AS "IRC", which influence the information processed and stored in this system, as well as technological information, were analyzed. Criteria for providing information protection from unauthorized access through crypto protection, monitoring of system logs of software and technical means, and analysis of violations in the functioning of the AS "IRC" were described. Implementation of organizational and technical measures on cyber protection, used for objects of critical information infrastructure, for AS "IRC" needs was proposed. The list of actions to ensure the availability and fault tolerance of components and information resources of the AS "IRC" was shown. It was concluded that for the storage of information in emergency modes of operation during the armed aggression of the russian federation, the means of uninterruptible power supply and backup (archiving) of information from databases using special software should be provided in the AS "IRC". Data monitoring and recovery should be managed and backup data must be stored in locations that do not allow them to be damaged in the event of the destruction of the AS "IRC" main components. The proposed local education registries, databases and copies of state registries should be moved to a safe place/environment in free territories. Educational personal data/software at risk of falling into enemy hands should be deleted in advance. It is necessary to ensure the application of the mechanism of preventive disconnection by technical administrators, owners, operators of national and local, public and private educational information systems and educational information resources for users in the occupied territories to "sensitive" information.
本文的目的是研究在危机条件下改善全纳教育管理的信息和分析支持的现代方法,同时考虑到欧盟的经验。描述了组成包含资源中心自动化系统(IRC)的中央软件和技术复合体的组件列表。分析了影响“IRC”系统处理和存储信息以及技术信息的现代威胁类型。介绍了通过加密保护、监测软件和技术手段的系统日志以及分析AS“IRC”功能中的违规行为来保护信息免受未经授权访问的标准。为满足AS“IRC”需求,建议实施用于关键信息基础设施对象的网络保护组织和技术措施。给出了确保AS“IRC”的组件和信息资源的可用性和容错性的操作列表。结论是,为了在俄罗斯联邦武装侵略期间以紧急操作方式存储信息,应在AS "IRC"中提供不间断供电和使用特殊软件从数据库备份(存档)信息的手段。应管理数据监测和恢复,并且必须将备份数据存储在不允许在AS“IRC”主要组成部分遭到破坏的情况下损坏的位置。拟议的地方教育登记处、数据库和国家登记处的副本应移至自由领土内的安全地点/环境。有可能落入敌人之手的教育个人资料/软件应提前删除。必须确保技术行政人员、所有者、国家和地方、公共和私人教育信息系统的经营者以及被占领领土内用户的教育信息资源对“敏感”信息实行预防性断网机制。
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引用次数: 0
ISSUES IN THE MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES OF THE GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS DUE TO THE MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE 乌克兰戒严令导致普通中等教育机构的物质和技术资源问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2022-3-75-93
Liudmyla Chymbay, L. Popkova
The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of material and technical support of general secondary education institutions (GSEIs) of Ukraine in the period 2016/2017–2021/2022 academic years. The article analyses scientific publications of domestic scientists on the problems of modernization of school education on the basis of updating the technical arsenal of teaching aids, optimizing the implementation of existing state programs aimed at informatization, computerization and updating of the material and technical base of educational institutions. The authors also studied the foreign experience in the development of public education. The article outlines a list of regulatory and legislative acts on which the formation and development of the material and technical facilities of GSEIs are based. The information base of indicators of material and technical support was created using general scientific and special research methods on the basis of processed information of statistical summary tables (namely, № D-4 "Data on facilities of general secondary education institutions and the use of modern information technologies" (without special GSEIs) by institutions of the Ministry of Education and science of Ukraine, other ministries and agencies and private institutions and № 76-RVК "Summary report of general secondary education institutions") and operational information of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. In connection with the beginning of the Russian military aggression against Ukraine, changes have occurred in the organization of the educational process of general secondary education, in particular, the procedure for the formation of the contingent of students and teachers. At the same time, the condition of material and technical support components has changed as a result of the loss and damage to the education infrastructure. The article proposes to introduce additional indicators for assessing the state of the general secondary education system in wartime conditions. Key indicators of GSEIs facilities were analysed, including total and rented school space, leased space, number of classrooms and distribution of classrooms per student, and number of classrooms by region, terrain type (urban localities, rural areas) and types of institutions (primary schools, gymnasiums, lyceums) to identify the problems of material and technical support of GSEIs and further identify ways of their solution. The post-war condition of the material and technical base of general secondary education should be the subject of further study.
本文介绍了2016/2017-2021/2022学年对乌克兰普通中等教育机构(GSEIs)的物质和技术支持的比较分析结果。本文从更新教具的技术库、优化实施现有的国家信息化、计算机化计划和更新教育机构的物质技术基础等方面,分析了国内科学家关于学校教育现代化问题的科学出版物。作者还研究了国外公共教育发展的经验。本文概述了一系列监管和立法行为,这些行为是gsei的物质和技术设施形成和发展的基础。物质和技术支持指标信息库是根据乌克兰教育和科学部各机构的统计总结表(即D-4号“普通中等教育机构设施和现代信息技术使用数据”(不含特殊gsei)的处理信息,使用一般科学和特殊研究方法创建的。其他部委和机构和私人机构,№76-RVК“普通中等教育机构总结报告”)和乌克兰教育和科学部的业务信息。由于俄罗斯开始对乌克兰进行军事侵略,普通中等教育的教育过程的组织发生了变化,特别是形成学生和教师特遣队的程序。与此同时,由于教育基础设施的损失和破坏,物质和技术支助部分的状况发生了变化。本文建议引入额外的指标来评估战时普通中等教育系统的状况。分析了gsei设施的关键指标,包括学校总占地面积和租用面积、租用面积、教室数量和每个学生的教室分布,以及按地区、地形类型(城市地区、农村地区)和机构类型(小学、体育馆、学院)划分的教室数量,以确定gsei的物质和技术支持问题,并进一步确定解决方法。战后普通中等教育的物质技术基础状况应成为进一步研究的课题。
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引用次数: 0
CAREER PLANNING FOR EMPLOYEES OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS 高等院校职工职业生涯规划
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2023-1-67-78
Valentyna Litynska
The relevance of planning the career development of employees of higher education institutions lies in the fact that human resources administration is becoming increasingly important in the management of personnel of educational institutions. This is a process of analyzing and developing the personal interests of employees, which means that much of the attention should be given to the career planning of employees and becomes one of the most important tasks of the human resources department. Career planning programs for employees are at the forefront, which in turn contributes to the professional development and enhancement of the working potential of the institution’s staff. The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of career planning for employees of higher education institutions. The aim of the study is to determine the methodological basis for career planning of employees of higher education institutions and to build a career planning model for them. In particular, the existing approaches to the disclosure of the essence of the concept of "career planning" are characterized and the author’s approach to the interpretation of this concept is proposed. The article also describes the existing methods of career planning for staff. The article pays the greatest attention to the author’s model of step-by-step career planning of higher education institutions employees, which consists of six consecutive stages. Also, the attention is focused on the fact that in order to determine the effectiveness of the formation and use of the labor potential of higher education institutions, it is necessary to assess the professional, business and personal qualities of employees. The prospect of further scientific research in this direction is the development of an effective model for assessing the professional, business and personal qualities of the higher education staff.
高校员工职业发展规划的相关性在于,人力资源管理在高校人员管理中的重要性日益凸显。这是一个分析和发展员工个人兴趣的过程,这意味着员工的职业生涯规划应该受到重视,成为人力资源部门最重要的任务之一。对员工的职业规划是最重要的,这反过来又有助于机构员工的专业发展和工作潜力的提高。本文旨在研究高等院校员工职业生涯规划的理论和方法基础。本研究旨在确定高等院校员工职业生涯规划的方法论基础,并建立高等院校员工职业生涯规划模型。特别对现有的揭示“职业生涯规划”概念本质的方法进行了分析,并提出了作者对这一概念的解释方法。文章还介绍了现有的员工职业生涯规划方法。本文最关注的是作者提出的高等院校员工分步职业生涯规划模型,该模型由六个连续阶段组成。此外,人们还注意到,为了确定高等教育机构劳动潜力的形成和利用的有效性,有必要对员工的专业、业务和个人素质进行评估。在这个方向上进一步科学研究的前景是开发一种有效的模式来评估高等教育人员的专业素质、业务素质和个人素质。
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引用次数: 0
PROFILE EDUCATION AS A DRIVER OF HIGH-QUALITY COMPLETE GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION 将教育定位为高质量完整普通中等教育的驱动力
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2022-3-57-74
V. Gapon, Mariia Sharaievska, Tеtiana Derepa
The introduction of profile education (specialized training) in secondary schools ensures differentiated preparation of students at this level of education in accordance with their educational needs, inclinations and abilities, which are determined by orientation to future professional choices. The article is aimed at analyzing trends in the implementation of students' profile education and determining its impact on the results of obtaining high-quality comprehensive general secondary education in Ukraine. Statistical information of reporting forms № 76-RVК "Summary report of general secondary education institutions", № 83-RVК "Report on the number and structure of teaching staff in the general secondary education institutions", summary table № D-5 "Data on educational profiles in general secondary education institutions (without special general secondary education institutions)" and the open database of the Ukrainian Center for the Evaluation of Education Quality were used as the initial data for the study. The article analyzes the pre-war state (2014/2015–2021/2022) of the network of general secondary education institutions (GSEIs), the contingent of students, including those with profile training, and the number of teachers and pensioners teaching subjects. Dynamics and tendencies of development of profile education in Ukraine have been studied and analyzed, and the importance of the influence of a number of factors on the results of the external independent assessment in 2021 has been substantiated (in particular, completion of general secondary education in specialized educational institutions). The best scores in all subjects were obtained by graduates of physical-mathematical, mathematical, chemical-technological, agrochemical, economic and foreign philology. Students who received education in institutions of environmental, technological, sports, military-sports, universal profiles and Ukrainian philology received lower scores in each of the subjects compared to average scores in Ukraine. The main challenges for further reform of the secondary schools in the post-war period include the possibility of reorienting individual schools to provide teaching staff; upgrading teachers' qualifications, taking into account the needs and aspirations of students in the field of education, the suitability of material and technical base of GSEIs for the organization of profile education, etc. And the first steps in the field of educational statistics should be the collection and thorough analysis of data on the existing surviving educational network of each region, and the costs of its restoration and maintenance.
在中学引入概况教育(专业培训),确保学生根据其教育需求、倾向和能力在这一教育水平上进行差异化的准备,这些需求、倾向和能力是由未来职业选择的方向决定的。本文旨在分析学生形象教育的实施趋势,并确定其对乌克兰获得高质量综合普通中等教育结果的影响。报告表№76-RVК“普通中等教育机构汇总报告”、№83-RVК“普通中等教育机构师资数量与结构报告”统计信息摘要表№D-5“普通中等教育机构的教育概况数据(不含特殊普通中等教育机构)”和乌克兰教育质量评估中心的开放数据库被用作研究的初始数据。本文分析了普通中等教育机构(gsei)网络的战前状态(2014/2015-2021/2022)、学生队伍(包括接受过概况培训的学生)以及教师和退休人员教授科目的数量。对乌克兰概况教育发展的动态和趋势进行了研究和分析,并证实了若干因素对2021年外部独立评估结果的影响的重要性(特别是在专业教育机构完成普通中等教育)。物理数学、数学、化学技术、农化、经济和外国文字学的毕业生在所有科目中得分最高。在环境、技术、体育、军事体育、普遍概况和乌克兰文字学等机构接受教育的学生,每门科目的分数都低于乌克兰的平均分数。在战后时期进一步改革中学的主要挑战包括重新调整个别学校的方向以提供教学人员的可能性;提高教师的资格,考虑到学生在教育领域的需求和愿望,gsei的物质和技术基础是否适合组织个人教育等。在教育统计领域的第一步应该是收集和深入分析每个地区现存的现存教育网络的数据,以及恢复和维护教育网络的成本。
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引用次数: 0
DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF PEDAGOGICAL STAFF IN THE SYSTEM OF POSTGRADUATE PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION 研究生师范教育系统中教师数字化能力的研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2021-2-33-43
A. Samko
The main topic of the article is the issue of developing the digital competence of teachers in postgraduate education. It is noted that the development of the digital competence of the teacher is one of the key issues of education, which are related to the challenges of the current information society and the rapid technical and technological processes. The aim of the research is to single out the main problems of the development of digital competence of pedagogical workers in postgraduate pedagogical education. The main research method is a theoretical analysis of the framework and regulatory documents on standards and requirements for digital competence of teachers in the European Union and Ukraine; the best practices of the specialists of the conditions of formation of digital competence of teachers. The importance of digital competence is emphasized, which allows the teacher to participate in the information environment, to use the latest advances in technology in their professional activities. The definition of digital competence of a pedagogical worker is given. The conditions of formation of digital competence of teachers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education are considered, such as the digitalization of education, the availability of legal documents on standards and requirements for digital competence of teachers, the need to create and implement criteria for the development of digital competence, the readiness of postgraduate education to ensure the formation of digital competence of teachers. Emphasis is placed on the challenges that hinder the effective use of digital technologies by teachers in the educational process. It is concluded that the formation of digital competence contributes to the comprehensive development of teachers, their self-improvement, the desire to learn throughout life, the ability to apply the acquired knowledge, which improves the quality of education. Changing the legal framework for standards of digital competencies, acquaintance with the achievements of the European community will help identify new approaches to building individual areas of development of digital competence of teachers.
本文的主要课题是研究生教育中教师数字化能力的培养问题。文章指出,教师数字能力的发展是教育的关键问题之一,这与当前信息社会的挑战和快速的技术和技术进程有关。研究的目的是找出研究生教育工作者数字化能力培养中存在的主要问题。主要研究方法是对欧盟和乌克兰关于教师数字能力标准和要求的框架和规范性文件进行理论分析;专家对教师数字化能力形成条件的最佳实践。强调数字能力的重要性,它使教师能够参与到信息环境中,在他们的专业活动中使用最新的技术进步。给出了教育工作者数字化能力的定义。考虑了研究生教学教育系统中教师数字能力形成的条件,如教育的数字化,教师数字能力标准和要求的法律文件的可用性,制定和实施数字能力发展标准的必要性,研究生教育为确保教师数字能力的形成做好了准备。重点放在阻碍教师在教育过程中有效使用数字技术的挑战上。数字能力的形成有助于教师的全面发展、自我完善、终身学习的愿望、运用所学知识的能力,从而提高教育质量。改变数字能力标准的法律框架,了解欧洲共同体的成就将有助于确定建立教师数字能力发展的各个领域的新方法。
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引用次数: 1
FEATURES OF ONLINE LECTURES 网络讲座的特点
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2021-2-70-81
O. Yehorova
The purpose of the article is to determine the features of video lecturing and pinpoint opportunities to improve presenting of theoretical material online. The relevance of the study is caused by the lack of experience of the majority of Ukrainian lecturers in teaching by video conferences before 2020. Insufficient covering of this issue emphasizes the urgency of the publication. To achieve our goal, the following tasks were set: to consider the main differences between online lecturing and in-class lectures and other ways of distance teaching; to generalize the main problems of students and teachers arising during online lectures; to propose the ways to solve those problems and describe the possibilities of using the advantages of online lectures. To achieve the set goal, the following methods were used in the paper: abstract, logical and comparative analysis, survey, expert evaluation, monographic, analysis and synthesis, dialectic, tabular and graphic. To study the students’ opinions concerning online lectures in March-April 2021, the anonymous survey of full-time students studying at the Faculty of Accounting and Finance of Poltava State Agrarian University was conducted. 69.7% of respondents consider this format either better or not worse than in-class lessons. The main students’ problems that appeared during online lectures were the technical ones: (the absence or low quality of Internet and hardware) and the lack of face-to-face communication. It is proposed for the educational establishment to choose the single software product for video lecturing; to make records of video lectures with their further promulgation on the platform determined by the university; for the lecturing professor to create a friendly atmosphere; to introduce the obligatory revision of the students’ notes; to ensure the opportunity for students to ask questions to the lecturer; to promote active use of interactive lecture to ensure activate participation of the students (in particular, the lectures with previously planned errors, binary lectures, and lectures-conferences).
本文的目的是确定视频教学的特点,并找出改进在线理论材料呈现的机会。这项研究的相关性是由于大多数乌克兰讲师在2020年之前缺乏视频会议教学的经验。对这一问题的报道不足强调了出版的紧迫性。为了实现我们的目标,我们设定了以下任务:考虑在线授课与课堂授课和其他远程教学方式的主要区别;总结网络教学中学生和教师存在的主要问题;提出解决这些问题的方法,并描述利用在线讲座优势的可能性。为了达到既定的目标,本文采用了以下方法:抽象分析、逻辑分析和比较分析、调查、专家评价、专著、分析综合、辩证法、表格和图表。为了研究2021年3 - 4月学生对网络讲座的看法,对波尔塔瓦州立农业大学会计与金融学院的全日制学生进行了匿名调查。69.7%的受访者认为这种形式比课堂教学好或不差。学生在网络授课中出现的主要问题是技术问题(网络和硬件的缺失或质量低下)和缺乏面对面的交流。建议教育机构选择单一软件产品进行视频教学;录制视频讲座,并在学校确定的平台上发布;为授课教授营造友好的氛围;引入学生笔记的强制性修改;确保学生有机会向讲师提问;促进互动式课堂的积极使用,以确保学生的积极参与(特别是预先计划错误的课堂、二元课堂和讲座会议)。
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引用次数: 1
IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND QUALIFICATIONS OF TEACHERS IN VET AS AN IMPORTANT PART OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATIONAL REFORM IN POLAND 提高兽医教师的专业技能和资格是波兰实施教育改革的重要组成部分
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2021-3-113-122
Anna Ziętek, N. Pron
The article attempts to discuss the problems of training and retraining of VET (vocational education and training) teachers in Poland in the process of implementing important educational reforms. The authors stress the special role of VET in society as compared to other levels of education, which main task is to provide a quality education that meets the needs of the modern labor market. The study used research methods, techniques and tools such as document verification, interview techniques and VET monitoring. The problems described in the article offer solutions that improve the work of teachers as well as the content of vocational disciplines. The results of the monitoring study involving first-level industrial and vocational schools in the Lubusz Voivodeship show the importance of teachers’ cooperation with the local labor market in order to improve the curricula according to employers' expectations. The training and retraining of teachers have been found to be an important factor in preparing students for professional tasks. In view of this, the authors proposed a model for the relationship between the educational system and the local labor market. At the same time, it is recommended that individual professional development plans be drawn up for teachers of vocational disciplines. The article presents measures that are the starting point for finding further solutions to support teachers by creating individual professional development plans that enhance professional activity according to the long-term local development programs. There is thus a need to improve the quality of teaching in VET institutions in accordance with the needs of employers and within existing educational programs.
本文试图探讨波兰在实施重大教育改革过程中,职业教育与培训教师的培训与再培训存在的问题。作者强调,与其他层次的教育相比,职业教育培训在社会中的特殊作用,其主要任务是提供满足现代劳动力市场需求的优质教育。该研究采用了文献验证、访谈技术和VET监测等研究方法、技术和工具。本文所描述的问题为改进教师的工作和职业学科的内容提供了解决方案。对卢布斯省一级工业和职业学校的监测研究结果表明,教师与当地劳动力市场的合作对于根据雇主的期望改进课程非常重要。教师的培训和再培训已被发现是使学生为专业任务做好准备的一个重要因素。鉴于此,作者提出了一个教育制度与当地劳动力市场关系的模型。同时,建议为职业学科教师制定个人专业发展规划。本文提出的措施是寻找进一步解决方案的起点,通过制定个人专业发展计划来支持教师,根据长期的地方发展计划加强专业活动。因此,有必要根据雇主的需要和现有的教育计划来提高职业教育教育机构的教学质量。
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引用次数: 0
APPROACHES TO QUALITY ASSURANCE IN THE NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OF UKRAINE: STANDARDIZATION ISSUES 乌克兰国家资格框架中的质量保证方法:标准化问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32987/2617-8532-2022-5-51-65
V. Kovtunets, S. Melnyk
The article presents a study of quality assurance problems of the National Quali­fications System of Ukraine by reforming the domestic standardization system in the context of its integration into the European Qualifications System. In view of this, three components of the quality system were identified, namely, quality of standardization, quality of assessment and quality of documentation. The study is also focused on issues of legal regulation of the quality of professional and educational standards. In particular, differences in the legal regu­lation of educational standards of vocational pre-higher and higher education were identified. A certain legal uncertainty in the use of the terms "learning outcomes" and "competencies" and the inconsistency of the use of these terms with the EU Council Recom­mendations of 2017 and international and national standards were revealed. Along with this, a number of short­comings were found. Particularly, there is an unresolved problem of assigning professional qualifications to the levels of the National Qualifications Framework (NQF). The need for independent review (expertise) of projects of professional standards was emphasized. The issue of assessment standards was considered. For instance, the lack of such standards poses a threat to the quality of professional qualifications, especially qualifications of levels 2-4 of the NQF of Ukraine, since educational institutions have the right to assign such qualifications, in addition to qualification centers. Examples of corporate assessment standards, in particular, by the American Psychological Association, were considered. It is noted, that the formation of motivation of young people and employees to obtain modern and competitive skills оn the labor market is not enough. The outdated approach to personnel training by providers of educational services also needs to be reviewed. It is shown that the National Qualifications System of Ukraine requires quality assurance tools and the use of terms harmonized with EU legislation and practice.
文章通过对乌克兰国内标准化体系的改革,在乌克兰融入欧洲资格体系的背景下,对乌克兰国家资格体系的质量保证问题进行了研究。有鉴于此,确定了质量系统的三个组成部分,即标准化的质量、评价的质量和文件的质量。该研究还侧重于专业和教育标准质量的法律规制问题。特别指出了职业预备高等教育和高等教育的教育标准的法律规定的差异。在使用术语“学习成果”和“能力”方面存在一定的法律不确定性,并且这些术语的使用与2017年欧盟理事会建议以及国际和国家标准不一致。与此同时,还发现了一些缺点。特别是,将专业资格分配到国家资格框架(NQF)水平的问题尚未解决。强调需要对具有专业标准的项目进行独立审查(专门知识)。审议了分摊标准问题。例如,缺乏这种标准对专业资格的质量,特别是乌克兰国家资格证书2-4级的资格构成威胁,因为除了资格认证中心外,教育机构有权分配这种资格。会议审议了公司评估标准的例子,特别是美国心理协会的例子。值得注意的是,在劳动力市场上,青年和雇员获得现代和有竞争力的技能的动机的形成是不够的。教育服务提供者对人员培训的过时做法也需要加以审查。研究表明,乌克兰的国家资格体系需要质量保证工具和使用与欧盟立法和实践相协调的术语。
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Educational Analytics of Ukraine
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