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{"title":"六边形网络的径向无线电数及其衍生网络","authors":"Kins Yenoke, Mohammed K. A. Kaabar, M. M. Al-Shamiri, R. C. Thivyarathi","doi":"10.1155/2021/5101021","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>A mapping <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n <mtext> </mtext>\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n <mo>:</mo>\n <mtext> </mtext>\n <mi>V</mi>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n <mo>⟶</mo>\n <mi>N</mi>\n <mstyle displaystyle=\"true\">\n <mo>∪</mo>\n </mstyle>\n <mfenced open=\"{\" close=\"}\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mn>0</mn>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> for a connected graph <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n <mi>G</mi>\n <mo>=</mo>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>V</mi>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mi>E</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> is called a radial radio labelling if it satisfies the inequality <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n <mtext> </mtext>\n <mfenced open=\"|\" close=\"|\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mtext> </mtext>\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>x</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n <mo>−</mo>\n <mtext> </mtext>\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n <mtext> </mtext>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>y</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n <mo>+</mo>\n <mi>d</mi>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>x</mi>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mi>y</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n <mo>≥</mo>\n <mtext>rad</mtext>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n <mo>+</mo>\n <mn>1</mn>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula>\n <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n <mo>∀</mo>\n <mi>x</mi>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mi>y</mi>\n <mo>∈</mo>\n <mi>V</mi>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula>, where <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n <mtext>rad</mtext>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> is the radius of the graph <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n <mi>G</mi>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula>. The radial radio number of <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> denoted by <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M8\">\n <mi>r</mi>\n <mi>r</mi>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n <mtext> </mtext>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> is the maximum number mapped under <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M9\">\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula>. The radial radio number of <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M10\">\n <mi>G</mi>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> denoted by <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M11\">\n <mi>r</mi>\n <mi>r</mi>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> is equal to min {<jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M12\">\n <mrow>\n <mi>r</mi>\n <mi>r</mi>\n <mfenced open=\"(\" close=\")\" separators=\"|\">\n <mrow>\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n <mtext> </mtext>\n </mrow>\n </mfenced>\n </mrow>\n <mo>/</mo>\n <mrow>\n <mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℸ</mi>\n <mtext> </mtext>\n </mrow>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula> is a radial radio labelling of <jats:inline-formula>\n <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M13\">\n <mi>G</mi>\n </math>\n </jats:inline-formula>}.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":301406,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Math. Math. Sci.","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Radial Radio Number of Hexagonal and Its Derived Networks\",\"authors\":\"Kins Yenoke, Mohammed K. A. Kaabar, M. M. Al-Shamiri, R. C. Thivyarathi\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2021/5101021\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<jats:p>A mapping <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M1\\\">\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n <mo>:</mo>\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n <mi>V</mi>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n <mo>⟶</mo>\\n <mi>N</mi>\\n <mstyle displaystyle=\\\"true\\\">\\n <mo>∪</mo>\\n </mstyle>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"{\\\" close=\\\"}\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mn>0</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> for a connected graph <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M2\\\">\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n <mo>=</mo>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>V</mi>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mi>E</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> is called a radial radio labelling if it satisfies the inequality <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M3\\\">\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"|\\\" close=\\\"|\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>x</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n <mo>−</mo>\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>y</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n <mo>+</mo>\\n <mi>d</mi>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>x</mi>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mi>y</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n <mo>≥</mo>\\n <mtext>rad</mtext>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n <mo>+</mo>\\n <mn>1</mn>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula>\\n <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M4\\\">\\n <mo>∀</mo>\\n <mi>x</mi>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mi>y</mi>\\n <mo>∈</mo>\\n <mi>V</mi>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula>, where <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M5\\\">\\n <mtext>rad</mtext>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> is the radius of the graph <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M6\\\">\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula>. The radial radio number of <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M7\\\">\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> denoted by <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M8\\\">\\n <mi>r</mi>\\n <mi>r</mi>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> is the maximum number mapped under <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M9\\\">\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula>. The radial radio number of <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M10\\\">\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> denoted by <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M11\\\">\\n <mi>r</mi>\\n <mi>r</mi>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> is equal to min {<jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M12\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>r</mi>\\n <mi>r</mi>\\n <mfenced open=\\\"(\\\" close=\\\")\\\" separators=\\\"|\\\">\\n <mrow>\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n </mrow>\\n </mfenced>\\n </mrow>\\n <mo>/</mo>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">ℸ</mi>\\n <mtext> </mtext>\\n </mrow>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula> is a radial radio labelling of <jats:inline-formula>\\n <math xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" id=\\\"M13\\\">\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </math>\\n </jats:inline-formula>}.</jats:p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":301406,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Int. J. Math. Math. Sci.\",\"volume\":\"44 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-08-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"4\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Int. J. Math. Math. Sci.\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5101021\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Int. J. Math. Math. Sci.","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5101021","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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