以体育训练为手段对军校青年学生进行独立性教育的方法学

Pylypenko V. M., Pedorych A. V., Honchar V. V.
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摘要

本文探讨了一个亟待解决的问题——利用体育手段培养大学生的独立性。本文揭示了运用体育手段培养军校学生青年自主性的方法,其前提是有效的内容、形式和方法相结合,实施适当的组织条件和教学条件。采用了以下形式:个人、团队和小组活动、独立作业、分组课等。确定了运用体育教育手段培养青少年自主性的最有效方法是:说服、竞争、创造成功情境、鼓励、指导。此外,研究发现,该方法的有效性取决于教师是否遵守以下因素:在学员和学生中形成了提高独立性和体育知识水平的愿望,作为自我发展的手段;为学生表现出意志素质和独立解决问题的能力创造了先决条件;培养学生执行动机行动的能力,同时使他们的决定成功实施;实施性别方法;利用现代教育技术等优化体育游戏活动。在体育课过程中培养学员独立性方法的技术成分还包括发达的组织条件和教学条件:教师培训师为培养学员体育过程中的独立性提供科学和方法上的支持;运用有效的教育工作内容、形式、类型和方法,培养军校青年体育教育积极性学员和学生青年参与不同级别比赛的组织和举办。关键词:方法论;自主教育;军校学生青年;
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Methodology of education of independence in cadet and student’s youth by means of physical training
The scientific article is devoted to an urgent problem – education of independence of cadets and students by means of physical culture. The article reveals the methodology of upbringing the independence of cadet and student’s youth by means of physical culture, it presupposes a combination of effective content, forms and methods, the implementation of appropriate organizational and pedagogical conditions. The following forms were used: individual, team and group activities, independent work, sectional classes, etc. The most effective methods of educating the independence of cadet and student’s youth by means of physical culture are determined, which are: persuasion, competition, creation of a situation of success, encouragement, instructions. In addition, it was found that the effectiveness of the methodology depended on the teachers’ observance of such factors as: formed in cadets and students a desire to increase the level of knowledge about independence and physical culture as a means of self-development; created the prerequisites under which students showed volitional qualities and the ability to independently find solutions; formed students’ ability to perform motivated actions and at the same time achieved the successful implementation of their decisions; implemented a gender approach; optimized sports and game activities based on the use of modern educational technologies, etc. The technological component of the methods of educating the independence of cadet and students’ in the process of physical education classes also consisted of the developed organizational and pedagogical conditions: scientific and methodological support of teachers-trainers to educate the independence of cadet students in the process of physical culture; application of effective content, forms, types and methods of educational work for the purpose of formation in cadet-student youth of motivation to physical education; involvement of cadet and student’s youth in the organization and holding of competitions of different levels. Key words: methodology, education of independence, cadet and student’s youth, physical education.
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