切尔诺贝利隔离区vershyna湖鱼类的放射性核素污染水平

A. Kaglyan, D. Gudkov, S. Kireev, L. Yurchuk, M.A. Menkovska
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摘要

切尔诺贝利禁区(ChEZ)污染最严重的水库之一- Vershyna湖的鱼类中90Sr和137Cs的比活性水平。在2011年至2021年的研究期间,对湖中所有被研究的鱼类进行了研究。放射性核素比活度的峰值范围为90Sr为32960 ~ 213300 Bq/kg(平均值67832 ~ 22936),137Cs为838 ~ 25907 (4811 ~ 569)Bq/kg。结果表明,在现阶段,该湖鱼类中90Sr的比活度超过了允许水平,乌克兰鱼类产品接受的90Sr比活度超过了942-6094倍,137Cs -超过了6-173倍。湖鱼90Sr/137Cs比值在3 ~ 108之间。给出了放射性核素在鲫鱼器官和组织中的分布情况。Vershyna湖鱼类辐照的估计剂量率。对Vershyna湖鱼系的研究结果表明,食性普鲁士鲤鱼的平均辐照剂量率最高(149,5-12,1 Gy/h),而中上层太阳鱼的平均辐照剂量率最低(56,2-5,1 Gy/h)。有人指出,90Sr是Vershyna湖鱼类总辐射剂量形成的主要放射性核素(与ChEZ所有其他调查的水库相反)。
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LEVELS OF RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINATION OF FISH OF VERSHYNA LAKE IN THE CHORNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE
The levels of specific activity of 90Sr and 137Cs in fish of one of the most polluted reservoirs of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (ChEZ) - Vershyna Lake. During the research period from 2011 to 2021 for all studied fish of the lake. The peak ranges of the specific activity of radionuclides are noted at the level of 32960-213300 (average value 67832-22936) Bq/kg for 90Sr and 838-25907 (4811-569) Bq/kg for 137Cs. It is shown that at the current stage, the specific activity of 90Sr in the ichthyofauna of the lake exceeds the permissible levels, which are accepted in Ukraine for fish products in more than 942-6094, and 137Cs - in 6-173 times. The 90Sr/137Cs ratio in lake fish is in the range of 3-108. The distribution of radionuclides in the organs and tissues of silver crucian carp is given. Estimated dose rate of fish irradiation of the Vershyna Lake. As shown by the results of studies of the ichthyofauna of Vershyna Lake , the maximum average dose rate irradiation was noted in representatives of bentophagous Prussian carp (149,5-12,1 ?Gy/h), the minimum - in the pelagic Sunbleak (56,2-5,1 ?Gy/h). It was noted, that 90Sr is the dominant radionuclide in the formation of the total radiation dose of fish from Vershyna Lake (in contrast to all other investigated reservoirs of the ChEZ).
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