A Dual Band Fractal Antenna with Truncated Hexagonal Nested Rings for Wireless Applications

This article presents and analyses a low profile truncated hexagonal nested rings patch antenna for use in various wireless applications. This dual band antenna is fed by a 50 ohm microstrip feed line and is made of truncated nested hexagonal rings-shaped radiating patch elements on a single layer 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate. To achieve adequate impedance matching between the antenna and the source, the truncated patch with partial ground plane is used. While the S11value is less than −10 dB, the designed antenna functions at two different frequency bands, including 4.6-6.7 GHz, and 12 GHz to 14.2 GHz. In order to test the antenna operation at the two distinct frequency bands and optimise the design, the Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is used. At two frequency bands, the developed antenna shows greater gain. To verify its performance, the dual band antenna underwent testing and prototype development. The simulation outcomes demonstrate a fair level of agreement with the measurement outcomes.