术语组合的翻译问题(基于哈萨克语电视新闻材料)

M. Taubaldiyev, S. Kulmanov
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摘要

这篇文章的目的是找出哈萨克语电视新闻中最常用的术语组合的创造方法,从俄语翻译时不符合的原因,以及其他选择等。同时,对俄语中后缀词要素译成哈萨克语过程中出现的语言问题进行分析,确定文章的相关性。本文就哈萨克语中俄语术语组合的对等问题进行了探讨:个别术语的对等或翻译;后缀“-н+结局——ый/ -ая/ -ое“,”——ск-后缀+末梢ий/ -ая/ -ое”,“-ов后缀+结局-ый/ -ая/ -ое”、“не-前缀+根+后缀н+结局-ый/ -ая/ -ое”,等等。在将不同词尾的术语组合翻译成哈萨克语时,每个词都有其独特的含义,哈萨克语电视新闻中使用的术语组合与哈萨克斯坦共和国政府下属共和国术语委员会批准的电子数据库中登记的对等术语组合之间存在差异,即“Termincom”。Kz”,其翻译在行业术语词典中提供。在电视新闻领域,在确定术语组合的等值时,除了综合、归纳、演绎、分组、系统化等概括方法外,还有翻译中的形态变换、词汇和形态演算等分门别类方法和技术,以及社会语言学的研究方法之一——调查法等也被广泛使用。在研究过程中进行的调查中,选择了电视专家活动中经常使用的术语,国内和国际媒体的代表,国家翻译局的专家,从事翻译活动的研究机构的研究人员参加了调查。
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PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL COMBINATIONS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF KAZAKH TV JOURNALISM)
The purpose of the article is to identify ways of creating the most frequently used terminological combinations in Kazakh television journalism, the reasons for their non-compliance when translating them from Russian, alternative options, etc. At the same time, the analysis of linguistic problems arising in the process of translating suffixal term elements into Kazakh in the Russian language determines the relevance of the article. The article considers the following issues concerning the equivalents of Russian terminological combinations in the Kazakh language: the equivalent or translation of individual terms; suffix "-н + endings -ый/-ая/-ое", "-ск - suffix + endings -ий/-ая/-ое", "-о-в- suffix + endings - ый/-ая/-ое", "не - prefix + root + suffix -н-+ endings -ый/-ая/-ое", etc. When translating terminological combinations into the Kazakh language with different endings, each of them gets its own individual meaning, and the discrepancy between the terminological combinations used in Kazakh TV journalism with equivalents approved by the Republican Terminological Commission under the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, registered in the electronic database, is revealed "Termincom.kz", with translations presented in industry terminology dictionaries. In the field of television journalism, when determining the equivalent of terminological combinations, along with generalizing methods such as synthesis, induction, deduction, grouping, systematization, separate methods and techniques such as morphological transformation in translation, lexical and morphological calculus, as well as one of the research approaches of sociolinguistics - the survey method were widely used. In the survey conducted during the research, terms often used in the activities of television specialists were selected, representatives of the national and international media, specialists of the National Translation Bureau, researchers of research institutes engaged in translation activities took part in the survey.
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