Survey on perspectives of PV technology and their applications

Oil for electricity generation, burning of coal, heat production is the largest sources of greenhouse emission that cause climate change worldwide. Therefore the diffusion of solar PV technologies has become a crucial component for both climate change mitigation and adaptation of the electrical system on a global scale. In this survey, we analyzed the state of the art of the present large scale Photovoltaic application (technology, size, efficiency, cost). We investigated also in detail the commercially available new PV technologies, e.g.: Thin film, Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), organic PV cells (OPV), and their near future's application perspectives. Finally, this paper summarizes the research findings of the new PV technologies' challenge that need to be overcome, on particular stability, efficiency, lifetime and degradation. In order to realize their potential as an economically viable path to harvesting energy from sunlight.