作为欧洲一体化进程发展因素的欧盟轮值主席国德国(2020年下半年)

A. Martynov
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摘要

这篇文章是关于德国在2020年下半年担任欧盟轮值主席国的。这是欧洲一体化进程近代史上的关键时期。在英国脱欧谈判过程中,出现了相互矛盾的趋势。欧盟的预算政策需要得到批准。德国担任轮值主席国期间的主要任务是解决欧盟的内部问题。但是,不可能只关注内在问题。这一流行病加剧了国际问题。德国外交也参与了希腊与土耳其争议的解决。德国和法国就英国脱欧条款达成一致立场。德国就采纳欧盟2027年之前的预算达成妥协。为了在大流行期间支持欧洲经济,设立了一项大型基金。德国为欧盟与美国、俄罗斯和中国等主要合作伙伴的关系发展设定了趋势。德国对约瑟夫·拜登(Joseph Biden)赢得美国总统大选表示欢迎。欧盟正在考虑与美国恢复跨大西洋自由贸易区的谈判。欧盟和美国准备恢复欧洲-大西洋伙伴关系。欧盟与美国之间的互动旨在保护现代世界的自由民主。在德国的协助下,欧盟与中国签署了投资协定。北京方面已承诺引入社会保障,并限制侵犯人权的行为。俄罗斯的威权主义威胁仍然是欧洲一体化进程面临的挑战。在德国担任欧盟轮值主席国期间,白俄罗斯总统选举的结果和俄罗斯反对派政治家阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼(Alexei Navalny)中毒事件成为相互矛盾的问题。德国的总统任期是成功的。在欧盟的内部政策中,有可能形成欧洲经济生态更新的战略。欧盟经济环境现代化的成功系统性地取决于精英和欧洲社会实施这一进程的内部能力,以及全球化世界中有利的权力平衡。
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Presidency of Germany in the European Union as factor of development of European integration process (the second half 2020)
The article is devoted to Germany’s presidency in the European Union in the second half of 2020. This was a critical period in the modern history of the process of European integration. Conflicting tendencies emerged during the negotiations on the terms of the Brexit. The budget policy of the European Union required approval. The key tasks of the German presidency were the internal problems of the European Union. But it was not possible to focus exclusively on immanent issues. The pandemic has exacerbated international problems. German diplomacy joined in the settlement of the Greek-Turkish controversy. Germany and France have reached a common position on an agreement on the terms of Britain’s withdrawal from the Brexit. Germany has reached a compromise on the adoption of the European Union budget for the period up to 2027. A large fund was created to support the European economy during the pandemic. Germany has set trends for the development of the European Union’s relations with key partners: the United States, Russia, and China. Germany welcomed Joseph Biden’s victory in the US presidential election. The European Union is considering resuming negotiations on a transatlantic free trade area with the United States. The EU and the US are ready to renew the Euro-Atlantic partnership. The interaction between the EU and the US is designed to protect liberal democracy in the modern world. With the assistance of Germany, the European Union has signed an investment agreement with China. Beijing has pledged to introduce social security guarantees and limit human rights abuses. Russia’s authoritarian threats remain a challenge to the European integration process. During Germany’s presidency of the European Union, the results of the presidential election in Belarus and the poisoning of Russian opposition politician Alexei Navalny became conflicting issues. The German presidency was successful. In the internal policy of the European Union it was possible to form a strategy of ecological renewal of the European economy. The success of the environmental modernization of the EU economy systematically depends on the internal capacity of elites and European societies to implement this course and on the favorable balance of power in a globalized world.
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