基于计算机仿真的工业工程实验设计

D. Zhou, Weihua Guo, Hengzhen Huang
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引用次数: 1

摘要

随着计算机能力和数值技术的快速发展,计算机模拟在工业工程中受到了广泛的关注。与通常在工厂、实验室或野外进行的物理实验相比,计算机模拟可以节省大量的时间和成本。从统计学的角度来看,目前计算机仿真的研究工作主要集中在模拟模拟器的输出变量与实验者设置的输入变量之间的关系。然而,仔细选择输入变量值的实验设计会显著影响统计模型的质量。具体而言,由于设计点通常不能很好地覆盖实验域的边缘区域,因此对实验域边缘区域的预测对工业工程实验至关重要,但往往存在数据信息不足的问题。为了解决这个问题,本文提出了一种新型的设计,称为半lhd。这种设计类型具有以下吸引人的特性:(1)它包含拉丁超立方体设计作为子设计,使设计点均匀地分散在设计区域的内部;(2)该方法具有一些额外的边缘设计点,这些点靠近边缘,从而充分考虑了实验域边缘区域的预测精度。给出了寻找边缘设计点的详细算法以及如何构造所提出的半液晶显示器。通过仿真研究,说明了所提出的半lhd与常用的拉丁超立方体设计在预测精度方面的数值比较。结果表明,所提出的半lhd不仅在实验域的内部区域,而且在实验域的边缘区域都具有良好的预测精度,因此可以作为基于仿真的工业工程实验的实验设计。
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Computer Simulation-Based Designs for Industrial Engineering Experiments
Computer simulations have been receiving a lot of attention in industrial engineering as the rapid growth in computer power and numerical techniques. In contrast to physical experiments which are usually carried out in factories, laboratories or fields, computer simulations can save considerable time and cost. From the statistical perspective, the current research work about computer simulations is mostly focusing on modeling the relationship between the output variable from the simulator and the input variables set by the experimenter. However, an experimental design with careful selection of the values of the input variables can significantly affect the quality of the statistical model. Specifically, prediction on the edge area of the experimental domain, which is extremely critical for an industrial engineering experiment often suffers from inadequate data information because the design points usually do not well cover the edge area of the experimental domain. To address this issue, a new type of design, called semi-LHD is proposed in this paper. Such a design type has the following appealing properties: (1) it encompasses a Latin hypercube design as a sub-design so that the design points are uniformly scattered over the interior of the design region; and (2) it possesses some extra marginal design points which are close to the edge so that the prediction accuracy on the edge area of the experimental domain is fully taken into account. Detailed algorithms for finding the marginal design points and how to construct the proposed semi-LHDs are given. Numerical comparisons between the proposed semi-LHDs with the commonly-used Latin hypercube designs, in terms of prediction accuracy, are illustrated through simulation studies. It turns out that the proposed semi-LHDs yield desirable prediction accuracy not only in the interior but also on the edge area of the experimental domain, so they are recommended as the experimental designs for simulation-based industrial engineering experiments.
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