Characterization of Arthrospira sp (Spirulina) Biomass Growth in Hydroponic Waste Solution: A Review

The use of Spirulina (Arthospira sp) as a food source has stood out for being a potential source of proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, and others. However, the cultivation medium for its production is relatively expensive. Then, an alternative culture medium is necessary for reducing costs. So, hydroponics drainage effluent, a solution rich in nutrients, represents an alternative source of substrate for microorganism cultivation. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the biomass of Arthospira sp grown in an alternative culture medium based on hydroponic effluent through a systematic review. We noted a trend to reduce biomass growth and bioactive compounds due to an excess of iron and copper in the effluent. The study concluded that it needs to supplement the residual medium with a synthetic medium for its use to obtain biomass for commercial utilization.