俄罗斯在反恐职能上的空白

A. Metelkov
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摘要

为了提高俄罗斯紧急情况部参与打击包括核(辐射)恐怖主义在内的恐怖主义的有效性,作者通过对法律规范的解释、对规范性法律行为的比较法律和制度分析以及规范当局权限的基本概念的内容,揭示了俄罗斯紧急情况部与其属地机构的职能不匹配。对该部及其下属机构活动中打击恐怖主义的法律规范要素的分析表明,对整个系统及其个别结构要素采取了分裂的做法。对反恐领域法律关系进行比较法研究的结果表明,俄罗斯各组成实体的主要部门和该部本身的主要职能不相称,部门权限与基本反恐立法规范不匹配,这反映在实践中实施的质量和完整性上。因此,作者建议根据俄罗斯现行立法明确部门职能,并对2004年7月11日第868号俄罗斯总统令进行适当修改。
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GAPS IN THE ANTI-TERRORISM FUNCTION OF THE EMERCOM OF RUSSIA
In order to increase the effectiveness of the participation of the Russian Emergencies Ministry in countering terrorism, including nuclear (radiological) terrorism, based on the methods of interpretation of legal norms, comparative legal and system analysis of regulatory legal acts and the content of basic concepts regulating the competence of authorities, the author revealed a mismatch of functions EMERCOM of Russia and its territorial bodies. An analysis of the elements of legal norms on countering terrorism in the activities of the Ministry and its subordinate bodies shows a split approach to the entire system and its individual structural elements. The results of a comparative law study of legal relations in the field of countering terrorism demonstrate disproportions in the main functions of the Main Directorates for the constituent entities of the Russia and the Ministry itself, the mismatch of departmental competence with the norms of basic anti-terrorist legislation, which is reflected in the quality and completeness of their implementation in practice. Therefore, the author proposes to clarify departmental functions in accordance with the current legislation of the Russia and make appropriate changes to the Decree of the President of the Russia of July 11, 2004 No. 868.
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