旧约弥赛亚的期望在耶稣道成肉身中得以实现——基督徒的反思要点

Emmanuel U. Dim
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摘要

耶稣是弥赛亚,从早期开始就被基督徒称颂和承认。他就是从旧约时代就被期待的弥赛亚,这也可以说是许多基督徒的常识。但这句话的真正含义及其全部含义对许多人来说并不清楚,基督徒和非基督徒都一样。因此,本文将解释旧约中弥赛亚的期望是如何在耶稣道成肉身中实现的,这个术语包含了耶稣在地上的生活、事工、死亡和复活,即基督救赎工作的全部奥秘。在这项工作中使用的方法是历史神学,在必要时,在分析相关的圣经段落时,增加了历史批判方法。信息是,在旧约时代的以色列人,在不同的时代,总是期待弥赛亚,一个由上帝派来的解放者。他们一方面通过撒母耳记下7:12中的拿单先知,将弥赛亚与大卫王朝的历代国王联系起来,另一方面也与其他历史和弥赛亚人物联系起来。但是在流亡之后,在前基督教时期巴勒斯坦犹太教的最后几个世纪里,这些期望缩小到一个个人解放者,最终是耶稣,在新约中,正如在新约的许多段落中充分解释的那样。我们的建议是,所有的基督徒都要认识到并珍惜我们在旧约和以色列人生活中的基督教遗产的深度,这种深度荣耀地突出了上帝作为一个整体的拯救计划。所有这些都将不可避免地使基督徒对他们的信仰和实践有更大的欣赏,并进一步加强犹太基督教的关系,作为一个共同建立在一个神建立的救赎历史上的关系。对于所有从事宗教研究的教师和学生,以及圣经学者和研究人员来说,这本书也是一个非常有用的工具。
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The OT Messianic Expectations as fulfilled in the Incarnation of Jesus – Points for Reflection for Christians
That Jesus is the Messiah is acclaimed and professed by Christians right from the early times. That he is the Messiah who has been expected right from the OT times could also be said to be common knowledge for many Christians. But what this statement actually means as well as its full implications are not clear to many people, Christians and non-Christians alike. This paper, therefore, sets out to explain how the OT messianic expectations are fulfilled in the Incarnation of Jesus, a term that encompasses Jesus’ earthly life, ministry, death and resurrection, i.e. the entire mystery of Christ’s redemptive work. The method employed in this work is historical-theological, augmented with the Historical Critical method, when necessary, in the analysis of pertinent biblical passages. The information is that the people of Israel in the OT were, in different epochs, always expecting a Messiah, a liberator to be sent by God. They associated this Messiah with the successive kings of the Davidic dynasty through the Oracle of Nathan in 2 Sam 7:12, on the one hand, and with other historical and messianic figures, on the other. But after the exile, during the last pre-Christian centuries of Palestinian Judaism, these expectations narrowed down to an individual liberator and ultimately to Jesus, in the NT, as is amply explained in many NT passages. The recommendation is for all Christians to recognize and cherish the depth of our Christian heritage in the OT and in the lives of the people of Israel, a depth which gloriously highlights God’s universal plan of salvation as one. All this would invariably lead Christians to the greater appreciation of their faith and its praxis as well as further enhance Jewish Christian relationship as one commonly founded on a single divinely instituted history of salvation. This work is also a very useful tool for all teachers and students of religion, as well as biblical scholars and researchers, in the pursuit of their various endeavours.
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