“这是魔法,让我神魂颠倒的魔法”——《浮士德博士与魔鬼宪章》中的激情召唤

Gudrun Tockner
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摘要

早期现代英国舞台上的魔术引起了强烈的感情,从反对戏剧的作家的反对,他们认为罪恶的剧院描绘魔法是加倍应受谴责的,到据称演员和观众都爆发了恐慌,因为有谣言说魔鬼自己出现在舞台上的魔法场景。但是情感不仅在接受戏剧时起作用,它还是戏剧动作和戏剧表演的一个组成部分。这篇论文将集中描述一种特殊的早期现代魔法,学习仪式魔法涉及灵魂的召唤,或者在这种情况下,魔鬼。它将把它置于早期现代戏剧传统中把情感写进舞台文本以及当时围绕情感的更广泛的话语中。分析的核心是两部完全以实践仪式魔法的人物为中心的戏剧:克里斯托弗·马洛的《浮士德博士》(1604年首次出版,1616年出版了一个更长的版本,即所谓的b文本,但被认为是在1590年左右完成的)和巴纳贝·巴恩斯的《魔鬼宪章》(1607年首次出版),尤其是魔术师召唤灵魂的场景,以及那些以他们最后的折磨和死亡为中心的场景。
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“’Tis Magic, Magic that Hath Ravished Me” Passionate Conjuring in Doctor Faustus and The Devil’s Charter
Magic on the early modern English stage was a cause of strong feeling, from the disapproval of anti-theatrical writers, who found it doubly reprehensible that the sinful theatre would depict magic, to alleged outbreaks of panic among actors and audience alike when there were rumours of the devil himself appearing on stage during a magical scene. 1 But feelings play a role not only in the reception of plays: they are an integral part of dramatic action and theatrical performance. This paper will focus on the depiction of one particular kind of early modern magic, learned ritual magic involving the evocation of spirits, or in this case, devils. It will then situate it both within the early modern dramatic tradition of writing emotions into texts for the stage and within the wider discourses sur-rounding emotions at the time. At the core of the analysis are two plays centred entirely on characters who practice ritual magic: Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus (published first in 1604 and in a longer version, the so-called B-text, in 1616 but assumed to have been written around 1590) and Barnabe Barnes’s The Devil’s Charter , first published in 1607, and in particular the scenes in which the conjurers call up spirits and those centred on their final torment and death.
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