中国数字化转型中数据所有权界定的冲突与监管路径

Zihan Si, N. Mai, Yifei Quan, Yihuan Zhou, Xiaoyue Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

中国正在积极推进数字化转型,数据与劳动力、技术、资本、知识一样,成为至关重要的生产要素。数字转型加速了数据密集型社会的形成,随之而来的自由与责任、开放与安全、自由共享与法律监管等诸多难题,对国家治理和社会治理提出了新的挑战。在这些挑战中,数据所有权的界定、数据所有权定义不清所带来的社会无序和失范、数据所有权监管路径是这个数据密集型社会急需解决的新命题。本文通过对国内外学者和研究智库分析的文献综述,系统阐述了数据所有权的理论意义和实践价值,比较了中国政府、企业和社会对数据所有权定义的差异和内在冲突,深入比较了欧盟、美国和日本的定义标准,在此基础上,探讨了符合中国数字化转型要求的数据所有权定义的形成。
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The Conflicts in Defining Data Ownership in China’s Digital Transformation and the Regulatory Path
China is aggressively pursuing digital transformation, and data, alike labor, technology, capital, and knowledge, has become as a crucial factor of production. Digital transformation is accelerating the emergence of a data-intensive society, and the ensuing difficulties of balancing freedom and responsibility, openness and security, as well as free sharing and legal regulation are posing new challenges to national and social governance. Among these challenges, defining data ownership, the social disorder and anomie brought about by the unclear definition of data ownership, and data ownership regulatory path are new propositions that need to be urgently addressed in this data-intensive society. This paper systematically explains the theoretical meaning and practical value of data ownership through a literature review on the analysis of domestic and foreign scholars as well as research think tanks, compares the differences and inherent conflicts between the definition of data ownership by the government, enterprises, and society in China, thoroughly compares the definition standards of the European Union, the United States, and Japan, and on this basis, discusses the formation of a definition of data ownership that meets the requirements of China’s digital transformation.
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