Temporalis Flap in Lateral Skull Base Reconstruction: A Case Report and Literature Review

The resolution of small to intermediate-sized anomalies affecting the craniofacial region can pose a formidable problem for surgical practitioners in instances where indigenous soft tissue flaps fail to provide sufficient tissue volume or suitable tissue characteristics to fulfill the desired reconstructive requisites. In the present scenarios, the preferred reconstructive modalities involve the utilization of regional pedicled flaps or free tissue transfers. The utilization of flaps originating from the temporalis muscle, fascia, or a combination of them, was initially documented by Yolovine in the year 1898. Subsequently, Murphy employed these flaps in 1914 for surgical interventions targeting the temporomandibular joints (TMJ). Subsequent to their initial utilization, axial flaps predicated upon the middle and deep temporal vessels have been subject to extensive and comprehensive deployment. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the temporalis flap procedure, its indications, outcomes, and potential complications by analyzing a single case and conducting an exhaustive literature review.