Peaceful Settlement of Disputes and Conflict Prevention

The chapter reviews the evolution—both in theory and practice—of the peaceful settlement of disputes and conflict prevention as innovated and practiced over more than seven decades by the United Nations. It considers the legal and historical basis for UN actions related to peacemaking and preventive diplomacy and the challenges faced in operationalizing these pivotal concepts in global affairs. The chapter concludes by foreshadowing the ‘sustaining peace’ agenda of UN Secretary-General António Guterres, with special reference to its emphasis on preventive action and mediating violent conflicts. The UN faces numerous challenges as it seeks to regain public trust in its capacity to prevent conflict and settle disputes. Entrusting women with an enhanced role is one belated, yet essential, first step in preventing conflict and ensuring lasting security with justice.