INFLUENCE OF CARDONAT ON INDICATORS OF BIOCHEMICAL AND HORMONAL HOMEOSTASIS IN SPORTSMANS WITH CARDIOMYOPATHY AFTER PHYSICAL OVERLOAD

Introduction. Modern sport of the highest achievements is inextricably linked with the constant physical activity of high intensity, which ultimately leads to the formation of overvoltage phenomena of various body systems. The purpose. To substantiate the expediency of appointment of athletes with clinical and instrumental signs of the cardiomyopathy, caused by chronic physical overload (CMPCPO) of the metabolic preparation Cardonat on the basis of evaluation of its influence on the indices of biochemical and hormonal homeostasis. Materials and methods. The study involved 48 athletes, representatives of cyclic sports, with a diagnosis CMPCPO who were randomized to 2 equivalent (n = 24) groups: the main group and the controls. The volume and intensity of training loads was reduced in athletes of both groups by 75%. The control group participants received only basic therapy (the combination of the drug panangin (potassium and magnesium aspartate) and the drug Trіovіt, at therapeutic doses of vitamin-mineral orientation and placebo (capsule with starch). Athletes of the main group in addition to basic therapy used Cardonat for one capsule three times a day for 4 weeks. A comprehensive laboratory study of athletes before and after the course of treatment included a study of the indicators of biochemical and hormonal homeostasis, as well as prooxidant-antioxidant balance. Results. The addition of Cardonat to the complex therapy of athletes from the CMPCPO during the month is accompanied by a positive effect on the structural characteristics of the erythrocyte membranes of the athletes, which is reflected in the improvement of the state of prooxidant-antioxidant equilibrium: in the representatives of the main group, the administration of the drug caused a statistically significant decrease, compared with the data in the control group, malodialdehyde (MDA), increase in the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocyte membranes and decrease of prooxidant-antioxidant coefficient (Cpa), indicating the predominance of antioxidant processes over lipopereoxidation processes. It is also shown that taking a Cardonat with athletes with manifestations CMPCPO is not accompanied by negative changes in standard laboratory biochemical parameters that reflect the functional state of various organs and systems of the body's organs. The decrease in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the tendency towards a more pronounced decrease in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), α-amylase and urea content in comparison with the values of the corresponding indices in the control group, confirms the positive effect of the drug on the functional state of the liver and pancreas. Indicators of hormonal homeostasis are indicative of improving the ratio of anabolic and catabolic processes in the body of athletes and reducing the level of stress due to the use of the drug. Thus, after taking Cardonat in the main group, testosterone levels increased by 31.6 % (р < 0.05) compared to baseline data, and cortisol decreased by 63.8 % (р < 0.05); the average index of anabolism in the main group after treatment increased by 58.9 % (р < 0.05), which indicates a significant increase in the rate of anabolic processes. Conclusions. The additional use of сardonat in therapy is safe, expedient, pathogenetically justified, in particular for the treatment of homeostatic shifts in the body of athletes with clinical and electrocardiographic manifestations of CMPСPО.