Electrical Impedance Measurement Technique to Determine the Impedance of a Volume Conductor with Embedded Object

Electrical impedance measurement techniques have the potential in physiological studies and to detect and diagnose diseases. For this, conventionally Tetra-Polar Impedance Measurement (TPIM) method is used having rather diffused sensitivity, and not being able to localize a particular zone of interest. In this study, 6-electrode and 4-electrode techniques are implemented to achieve higher sensitivity at deeper regions of a volume conductor by placing electrodes at the front and back of the volume conductor. Spherical objects of different conductivity and sizes are mounted on the center of the rectangular volume conductor and measured the transfer impedance and percentage change using COMSOL Multiphysics. This technique can identify any the alteration in transfer impedance of an object inserted deep inside the volume conductor with a stable background. Based on the present work, further research can be carried out for real life implementation of the methods, contributing greatly to the improvement of lung health, particularly among the common people of the low resource countries.