研究融合:比较视角下的少数民族与多数民族青年

Jan O. Jonsson, F. Kalter, F. Tubergen
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引用次数: 7

摘要

本文从问题、基本概念、理论出发点和分析策略等方面介绍了我们对欧洲四国少数民族青年和多数民族青年的比较研究。我们针对结构、文化和社会融合的几个指标,探讨了(i)移民世代(暴露)、(ii)移民原籍群体和(iii)接收国在融合方面的差异。我们发现接收国在一体化方面几乎没有系统性差异。对于社会和文化一体化的某些方面来说,一体化是相当遥远的,对于那些起源于文化和社会经济距离更远的较贫穷地区的人来说,如中东和非洲,一体化是最慢的。接触东道国会导致语言熟练程度和东道国认同的差异减小,但不会导致自由态度和宽容、宗教和宗教信仰或种族间友谊的差异减小。我们的结论是,应该在社会化、分层和隔离等根深蒂固的结构性现象的背景下,部分地理解挥之不去的差异。
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Studying Integration: Ethnic Minority and Majority Youth in Comparative Perspective
We introduce our comparative study on minority and majority youth in four European countries by presenting the problem, basic concepts, theoretical starting points and our strategy of analysis. We address differences in integration across (i) immigrant generations (exposure), (ii) immigrant origin groups and (iii) receiving countries, for several indicators of structural, cultural and social integration. We find few and unsystematic differences in integration across receiving countries. Integration is quite remote for some aspects of social and cultural integration and slowest for those originating in poorer regions at greater cultural and socioeconomic distances, such as the Middle East and Africa. Exposure to the host country leads to decreasing differences in language proficiency and host country identification, but not in liberal attitudes and tolerance, religion and religiosity, or inter-ethnic friendships. We conclude that lingering differences should partly be understood against a backdrop of deeply entrenched structural phenomena such as socialisation, stratification and segregation.
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