经济之上的治理:让全球化造福穷人

D. Mamoon
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摘要

本文采用了不同的不平等/平等定义,并调查了全球化如何与这些福利措施相关联。各国通过国际合作接近后现代主义发展文化,可以使各国加强其社会、经济、法律和政治制度。我们发现,采用发达的制度治理实践作为与21世纪现代治理文化更大程度融合的问题,可以在发展中国家创造繁荣的中产阶级,从而对收入和工资不平等产生下行压力。相比之下,商品和服务与世界市场的一体化给熟练工人的工资带来了上行压力,而非熟练工人的工资则造成了发达国家和发展中国家工业工资的不平等。根据最近关于过早去工业化现象的文献,本文建议各国可以保护其当地工业,为当地人提供就业机会,从而使贸易收益在人口中更平均地分配。这可以通过选择全球一体化的第二个最佳选择来实现,即在地理集群内促进区域主义。
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Governance over Economics: Making Globalisation Good for the Poor
The paper employs different definitions of inequality/ equality and investigates how globalisation is associated with these welfare measures. The nations’ proximity to post modernism development culture through international cooperation may enable countries to strengthen their social, economic, legal and political institutions. We find that adopting well developed institutional governance practices as matter of greater integration with modern 21st century governance culture creates thriving middle classes in developing countries enabling a downward pressure on inequality of incomes and wages. In contrast, integration of goods and services with world markets puts upward pressure on the wages of skilled in contrast with the unskilled causing industrial wage inequalities in both developed and developing countries. The paper recommends in line with the recent literature on pre mature de industrialisation phenomenon that countries may protect their local industries to provide jobs to locals and thus enable the gains of trade to be more equally distributed among the populations. This can be done by choosing the second best option towards global integration and that is to promote regionalism within geographical clusters.
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