Modeling subdivision control meshes for creating cartoon faces

Modeling three-dimensional faces on the computer has been an interesting yet challenging problem. This paper presents a method for creating cartoon faces by using a subdivision scheme. We use set-operations for conceptual design of subdivision control meshes. To ensure the quality of the control mesh, we have eliminated high valenced extraordinary vertices since smoothness of the surface decreases with valence. In addition, we have limited the number of extraordinary vertices to eliminate ripples. We have also ensured an even structure around extraordinary vertices (The size of each quadrilateral in subdivided meshes are roughly similar). We have also developed a user-friendly interface to sculpt the control mesh. Using this interface we have been able to create a variety of cartoon faces.