解决控制问题-数值视角

A. Varga
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引用次数: 0

摘要

只提供摘要形式。控制界对良好算法和强大的数值软件的需求持续增长,以应对日益具有挑战性的应用。因此,在过去的几十年里,控制领域已经成为应用数学家和数值分析人员计算问题的丰富来源。这导致了一些控制设计软件包的开发,包括商业软件和免费软件。鉴于这种积极的情况,问题出现了:控制数字意识是一个迫切重要的问题吗?从用户和算法开发者的角度出发,提出以下观点:(1)解决控制问题的一般策略(坐标变换的作用,使用正交规范形式,基于计算构建块的方法,通过替代方法进行检查等)(2)算法开发原则(利用/保留问题结构,避免不稳定计算,支持阻塞等)(3)“从不做”的问题(4)选择正确的系统表示(例如,没有多项式)(5)好的算法(问题、观点、挑战的类别);大多数算法都很糟糕!(6)表述良好的问题(解决方案不依赖于流形,鲁棒性问题,通用性)(7)问题敏感性的作用(例如,缩放如何帮助,但也可能破坏解决问题的任何希望)(8)公差的作用(类型,软件中的警告,与缩放的关系,epsilon-规范形式,使用自适应公差对结构算法的鲁棒性,(9)将算法实现为健壮的数值软件(不仅使用好的算法是一个问题,而且处理坏数据,采用安全计算,处理琐碎的解决方案等)。
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Solving Control Problems - A Numerical Perspective
Summary form only given. There is a continuing and growing need in the control community for good algorithms and robust numerical software for increasingly challenging applications. Consequently, during the past several decades, the control field has been a rich source of computational problems for applied mathematicians and numerical analysts alike. This has led to the development of several control design software packages, both as commercial and free software. In view of this positive situation, the question arises: is numerical awareness in control an issue of pressing importance? The proposed talk addresses, from both user and algorithm developer perspectives, the following ideas: (1) general strategies to solve control problems (role of coordinate transformations, using orthogonal canonical forms, computational building blocks based approaches, checking via alternative methods, etc.) (2) principles for algorithm development (exploiting/preserving problem structure, avoiding unstable computations, favouring blocking, etc.) (3) "never do" issues (4) choosing the right system representation (e.g., no polynomials) (5) good algorithms (classes of problems, perspectives, challenges); most algorithms are bad! (6) well formulated problems (solution does not lies on a manifold, robustification issues, genericity) (7) role of problem sensitivity (e.g., how scaling can help, but also can destroy any hope to solve a problem) (8) roles of tolerances (types, caveat in software, relation to scaling, epsilon-canonical forms, robustification of structural algorithms using adaptive tolerances, etc.) (9) implementing algorithms as robust numerical software (not only using good algorithms is an issue but also handling of bad data, employing safe computations, handling of trivial solutions, etc.).
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