急诊医学:工作中的暴力和安全问题

Y. Shkatula, Y. Badion, M. Novikov, Y. Khyzhnia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

医务工作者的工作与持续的心理-情绪压力有关,这种压力是由于与人类痛苦的密切接触、需要立即作出决定、院前阶段的不舒服条件以及患者或第三方的攻击性和暴力行为的情况造成的。统计数据显示,每年有54%至84.8%的医务工作者成为言语或身体攻击的受害者。2013-2017年,乌克兰登记了543起危害值班医务人员生命和健康的犯罪。研究的目的是研究针对急救医务人员的暴力行为的原因、性质和风险因素,并寻找使情况正常化的方法。材料和方法。对苏梅地区急救医疗和灾害医学中心的127名工作人员进行了一项匿名非拟人化调查。在研究中使用了一份修改过的问卷“卫生服务中的暴力和侵略”(B. Mullan, F. Badger, 2007)。据确定,74.8%的紧急医疗和灾害医疗人员是患者、其亲属或朋友造成的暴力的受害者。大多数情况下,患者或第三方的攻击行为的原因是等待医务人员的时间和怀疑无能。根据调查结果,35.43%的员工认为可以通过完成和组建混合型救护车队伍来改善这种情况。接受调查的医务工作者中,近三分之一(24.41%)表示需要提供个人防护装备,另有14.96%的受访者希望得到更好的法律支持和援助。作者认为,有必要在州立法层面解决紧急呼叫期间医务人员的安全问题。应特别注意进一步改进法律援助,以及制定防止暴力的措施。
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EMERGENCY MEDICINE: PROBLEMS OF VIOLENCE AND SAFETY AT WORK
The work of medical workers is associated with constant psycho-emotional stress, which is caused by close contact with human suffering, the need to make immediate decisions, uncomfortable conditions of the pre-hospital stage and cases of aggressive and violent actions by patients or third parties. Statistics show that 54 to 84.8 % of medical workers have become victims of verbal or physical aggression annually. In 2013-2017, 543 crimes against life and health of medical workers on duty were registered in Ukraine. The purpose of the research was to study the causes, nature and risk factors of violent actions against emergency medical personnel with finding the ways to normalize the situation. Material and methods. An anonymous non-personified survey was conducted among 127 workers of the Sumy Regional Centre for Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine. A modified questionnaire “Violence and aggression in the Health Service” (B. Mullan, F. Badger, 2007) was used in the study. It has been established that 74.8 % of emergency medical care and disaster medicine personnel were victims of violence caused by patients, their relatives or friends. Most often, the reasons for aggressive behaviour of the patient or third parties were the time of waiting for a medical worker and the suspicion of incompetence. According to the results of the survey, 35.43 % of employees believe that it is possible to improve the situation by completing and forming ambulance teams of a mixed type. Almost a third of the surveyed medical workers (24.41 %) indicated the need to provide personal protective equipment, another 14.96 % of respondents wanted better legal support and assistance. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to solve the problem of the safety of a medical worker during an emergency call at the state legislative level. Particular attention should be paid to the further improvement of legal assistance, as well as to the development of measures to prevent violence.
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