Political and Social Obstacles to the Nation-Building Process in Kurdistan Region

The process of integrating people into the political, social, and cultural assimilation of individuals of a nation is known as nation-building, which has caused a number of obstacles for this extensive and multidimensional process. In order to return to the position and policies of the ruling elite and the institutions of the Kurdistan Region, the researcher depends on the qualitative approach in the current study, which focuses on the political and social barriers to the nation-building process in the Kurdistan Region. The key inquiry is therefore: What are the political and social impediments to the process of nation-building in the Kurdistan Region? In order to respond to this question, this research takes into account a number of factors, including the partisan clash and civil war between the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, as well as the absence of a comprehensive national strategy that united the nation before it resulted in the emergence of two utterly distinct administrations in the Kurdistan Region. On the other hand, Kurdistan’s nation-building efforts are hampered, according to the researcher, by the use of the two dialects policy, tribal culture, the fragility of civil society, the separation of the nation, and the predominance of foreign languages and cultures in private educational institutions. As a result of these barriers, there is a sharp divide between identity and common culture as well as a division between politics and culture. As a result, in order for the nation-building process in the Kurdistan Region to be successful, it must be kept as a unified political entity free from dual administration, the institution of forces, and the building of a unified language )standard language(, while also requiring private educational institutions to promote Kurdish culture and language in their curricula. It means that the Kurdish language and culture must be emphasized in the curricula of private educational institutions.