Sensor networks in challenged environments

Oceanographic data collection, pollution monitoring, offshore exploration, disaster prevention, assisted navigation and tactical surveillance are typical applications for wireless underwater sensor networks. In this talk wireless underwater channel is explored, novel medium access control and routing protocols will be presented. On the other hand, sensor applications in soil media and tunnels have unique communication problems. In particular, the wireless channel pecularities in the underground make communication problems interesting which will be discussed in this tutorial. Future research challenges will be highlighted in both areas.