Electric power delivered as wireless beams through aerial platforms can make a large difference to the ability of first responders to find and rescue survivors in an emergency. An architecture suitable for India is proposed, synergizing developments in millimeter wave power beaming, phase array antennae, waveguides, tethers and lighter than air aerial vehicles. The role of emergency services in the overall architecture of power beaming is briefly discussed, setting it in context in the progression from intercontinental space power grid to retail power delivery. While technical barriers remain, there is a practical, moderate-risk roadmap to making this architecture routinely practical. A series of demonstration experiments suitable for development into a prototype first responder system is laid out.
{"title":"An imaging, communications and beamed power architecture for first responders","authors":"N. Komerath","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185326","url":null,"abstract":"Electric power delivered as wireless beams through aerial platforms can make a large difference to the ability of first responders to find and rescue survivors in an emergency. An architecture suitable for India is proposed, synergizing developments in millimeter wave power beaming, phase array antennae, waveguides, tethers and lighter than air aerial vehicles. The role of emergency services in the overall architecture of power beaming is briefly discussed, setting it in context in the progression from intercontinental space power grid to retail power delivery. While technical barriers remain, there is a practical, moderate-risk roadmap to making this architecture routinely practical. A series of demonstration experiments suitable for development into a prototype first responder system is laid out.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117179073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a hobby and a service in which participants, called "hams," use various types of radio communications equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public services, recreation and self-training. Amateur radio operators enjoy personal (and often worldwide) wireless communications with each other and are able to support their communities with emergency and disaster communications if necessary, while increasing their personal knowledge of electronics and radio theory. An estimated three million people throughout the world are regularly involved with amateur radio. Amateur radio operators use various modes of transmission to communicate. Voice transmissions are most common, with some, such as frequency modulation (FM) offering high quality audio, and others, such as single sideband (SSB) offering more reliable communications, often over long distance, when signals are marginal and bandwidth is restricted, without sacrificing audio quality. Over the past century amateur radio operators have contributed to our understanding of radio communications, devised entirely new radio communication technologies, combined pre-existing technologies in innovative new ways, and developed operational procedures that have largely defined the way in which communication by radio is carried out. Amateur radio has played a fundamental role in the development of radio and telecommunications technology, and it continues to do so today.
{"title":"Amateur radio advanced digital communication network in brief","authors":"R. Mohan","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185296","url":null,"abstract":"Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a hobby and a service in which participants, called \"hams,\" use various types of radio communications equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public services, recreation and self-training.\u0000 Amateur radio operators enjoy personal (and often worldwide) wireless communications with each other and are able to support their communities with emergency and disaster communications if necessary, while increasing their personal knowledge of electronics and radio theory. An estimated three million people throughout the world are regularly involved with amateur radio.\u0000 Amateur radio operators use various modes of transmission to communicate. Voice transmissions are most common, with some, such as frequency modulation (FM) offering high quality audio, and others, such as single sideband (SSB) offering more reliable communications, often over long distance, when signals are marginal and bandwidth is restricted, without sacrificing audio quality.\u0000 Over the past century amateur radio operators have contributed to our understanding of radio communications, devised entirely new radio communication technologies, combined pre-existing technologies in innovative new ways, and developed operational procedures that have largely defined the way in which communication by radio is carried out. Amateur radio has played a fundamental role in the development of radio and telecommunications technology, and it continues to do so today.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127160758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sachs, M. Helbig, R. Herrmann, M. Kmec, K. Schilling, E. Zaikov, P. Rauschenbach
Radar based detection of earthquake survivors exploits the modulation of the backscattered signal by body motions of the victim. The most challenging task is the detection of respiration activity of an unconscious person. The principle of breathing motion detection by radar is explained and the major handicaps as well as appropriate counter measures are discussed. The possible structure of a survivor detection radar system is considered and some results from field trials are summarized.
{"title":"Trapped victim detection by pseudo-noise radar","authors":"J. Sachs, M. Helbig, R. Herrmann, M. Kmec, K. Schilling, E. Zaikov, P. Rauschenbach","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185289","url":null,"abstract":"Radar based detection of earthquake survivors exploits the modulation of the backscattered signal by body motions of the victim. The most challenging task is the detection of respiration activity of an unconscious person. The principle of breathing motion detection by radar is explained and the major handicaps as well as appropriate counter measures are discussed. The possible structure of a survivor detection radar system is considered and some results from field trials are summarized.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125895081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical world events have a strong and direct impact on the communication activity seen in the cyber world. In this paper, we present three physical world events where we conducted passive network traffic measurements to study the interaction between physical and cyber worlds. We consider the following types of events: an active shooter drill, a science festival scenario, and an emergency response drill involving a simulated dirty bomb attack. The network behavior during these events is contrasted with the regular network behavior. In some events, we observed substantial drop in network traffic whereas in some others, we noticed high traffic surge. Therefore, the deviation observed in the cyber world activity may be exploited to automate the detection of physical world events. The drills also involved setting up of wireless mesh network infrastructure to assist first responders in their rescue operations and provide Internet connectivity to attendees of science festival. Our passive network measurements provided valuable insights which would help us in configuring wireless mesh network testbeds more efficiently and thereby providing efficient coordination of the response activity and saving human lives and properties.
{"title":"On the impact of physical-cyber world interactions during unexpected events","authors":"B. S. Manoj, T. B. Reddy, R. Rao","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185327","url":null,"abstract":"Physical world events have a strong and direct impact on the communication activity seen in the cyber world. In this paper, we present three physical world events where we conducted passive network traffic measurements to study the interaction between physical and cyber worlds. We consider the following types of events: an active shooter drill, a science festival scenario, and an emergency response drill involving a simulated dirty bomb attack. The network behavior during these events is contrasted with the regular network behavior. In some events, we observed substantial drop in network traffic whereas in some others, we noticed high traffic surge. Therefore, the deviation observed in the cyber world activity may be exploited to automate the detection of physical world events. The drills also involved setting up of wireless mesh network infrastructure to assist first responders in their rescue operations and provide Internet connectivity to attendees of science festival. Our passive network measurements provided valuable insights which would help us in configuring wireless mesh network testbeds more efficiently and thereby providing efficient coordination of the response activity and saving human lives and properties.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116134806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subramanium Ganesan, Manish Shakya, Aqueel F. Aqueel, Lakshmi M. Nambiar
This paper presents details of small disaster-relief robots that move inside a building to locate a specific object or person and find the shortest route from the object to outside using swarm intelligence routing. Multiple small robots are used for redundancy and ease of access to remote areas. Each robot has different sensors (Camera, ultrasonic sensor, temperature sensor etc) to locate the object of interest in various lighting conditions. These robots communicate with each other, dynamically isolate the failed robots and form a group of nodes (robots). In this paper we discuss also ant colony optimization (ACO) techniques to find the shortest route between the object of interest and the outside. The ACO algorithm used is described briefly. We use a practical test bed consisting of TI Evalbot small robots. Real time task scheduling on these robots are done using uC/OS. Description of the object identification image processing algorithm is also given.
{"title":"Small disaster relief robots with swarm intelligence routing","authors":"Subramanium Ganesan, Manish Shakya, Aqueel F. Aqueel, Lakshmi M. Nambiar","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185257","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents details of small disaster-relief robots that move inside a building to locate a specific object or person and find the shortest route from the object to outside using swarm intelligence routing. Multiple small robots are used for redundancy and ease of access to remote areas. Each robot has different sensors (Camera, ultrasonic sensor, temperature sensor etc) to locate the object of interest in various lighting conditions. These robots communicate with each other, dynamically isolate the failed robots and form a group of nodes (robots). In this paper we discuss also ant colony optimization (ACO) techniques to find the shortest route between the object of interest and the outside. The ACO algorithm used is described briefly. We use a practical test bed consisting of TI Evalbot small robots. Real time task scheduling on these robots are done using uC/OS. Description of the object identification image processing algorithm is also given.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117323778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. K. Megalingam, Sai Manoj Prakhya, Ramesh Nammily Nair, Mithun Mohan
There are a large number of people in the world with debilitating physical disabilities, who experience significant difficulties in performing even very basic tasks such as locomotion, speaking, writing etc. The worst affected class of physically challenged are those who have become paralyzed over a significant percentage of their bodies, i.e. quadriplegics. These people find it extremely difficult to perform any task that requires even small amounts of force. Therefore, the best option is a gesture-based interaction with their environment, in particular their wheelchairs. Our proposed system uses a small camera mounted very close to the quadriplegic's hand, which tracks the small movements of their fingers to understand where they wish to travel to. The recognition system is then interfaced to the wheelchair control system in order move it to the desired location. The wheelchair control system we are developing has the following salient features - effortless to use, customizable, economical, highly convenient and non-intrusive. The main goal that we aim by doing this project is to bring out a real working model of the system. The physically challenged can themselves sit on the wheelchair and test the product. This will definitely make a huge impact on the society because of its salient features mentioned above.
{"title":"Intelligent home navigation system for the elderly and physically challenged","authors":"R. K. Megalingam, Sai Manoj Prakhya, Ramesh Nammily Nair, Mithun Mohan","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185351","url":null,"abstract":"There are a large number of people in the world with debilitating physical disabilities, who experience significant difficulties in performing even very basic tasks such as locomotion, speaking, writing etc. The worst affected class of physically challenged are those who have become paralyzed over a significant percentage of their bodies, i.e. quadriplegics. These people find it extremely difficult to perform any task that requires even small amounts of force. Therefore, the best option is a gesture-based interaction with their environment, in particular their wheelchairs. Our proposed system uses a small camera mounted very close to the quadriplegic's hand, which tracks the small movements of their fingers to understand where they wish to travel to. The recognition system is then interfaced to the wheelchair control system in order move it to the desired location. The wheelchair control system we are developing has the following salient features - effortless to use, customizable, economical, highly convenient and non-intrusive. The main goal that we aim by doing this project is to bring out a real working model of the system. The physically challenged can themselves sit on the wheelchair and test the product. This will definitely make a huge impact on the society because of its salient features mentioned above.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128377939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines, optimized and simulated the outcome of power distribution on the basis of traffic load. Location based radio resource allocation (LBRRA) is vital hitch for location based network because spectrum is simultaneously a very scarce and widely shared resource. Its fundamental goal is to increase spectrum efficiency with efficient power utilization. Using OPNET we investigate the performance comparison analysis of power distribution in different Time Zone i.e our proposed architecture or model have Four Time zones. These zones depend on the no of the active subscriber or Traffic. Since power allocation is really challenged in wireless communication because it is affect our human body also directly or indirectly. This proposed work is verified by mathematical model also i.e with proportional algorithm for adaptive power allocation by BS (Base station). Power control techniques must attain two different objectives: minimize the interference in the wireless system and save energy. The Scope of this paper is to design a WiMAX Network to save the energy with location based.
{"title":"Location based WiMAX network optimization: power consumption with traffic load","authors":"R. Jha, U. Dalal","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185343","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines, optimized and simulated the outcome of power distribution on the basis of traffic load. Location based radio resource allocation (LBRRA) is vital hitch for location based network because spectrum is simultaneously a very scarce and widely shared resource. Its fundamental goal is to increase spectrum efficiency with efficient power utilization. Using OPNET we investigate the performance comparison analysis of power distribution in different Time Zone i.e our proposed architecture or model have Four Time zones. These zones depend on the no of the active subscriber or Traffic. Since power allocation is really challenged in wireless communication because it is affect our human body also directly or indirectly. This proposed work is verified by mathematical model also i.e with proportional algorithm for adaptive power allocation by BS (Base station). Power control techniques must attain two different objectives: minimize the interference in the wireless system and save energy. The Scope of this paper is to design a WiMAX Network to save the energy with location based.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130585438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential of wireless sensor networks lies in the ease of their deployment, often in unknown topologies which cannot be accessed in any other way. However, they also pose new problems in terms of security. In particular, there is the problem of authenticating the nodes in the network so that we can rely on the information that they are providing. The problem is complicated by the severely resource-constrained nature of the nodes. In this talk we will discuss some of these challenges and propose possible solutions, based on novel authentication techniques that have been recently developed. In particular, we will discuss the notion of 'forward secure schemes' as introduced by Gunther and other authors, and the notion of ASHA, an authentication scheme based on the ERINDALE algorithm developed by Murty and Volkovs.
{"title":"Authentication in wireless sensor networks and applications","authors":"V. K. Murthy, N. Volkovs, M. Sethumadhvan","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185324","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of wireless sensor networks lies in the ease of their deployment, often in unknown topologies which cannot be accessed in any other way. However, they also pose new problems in terms of security. In particular, there is the problem of authenticating the nodes in the network so that we can rely on the information that they are providing. The problem is complicated by the severely resource-constrained nature of the nodes.\u0000 In this talk we will discuss some of these challenges and propose possible solutions, based on novel authentication techniques that have been recently developed. In particular, we will discuss the notion of 'forward secure schemes' as introduced by Gunther and other authors, and the notion of ASHA, an authentication scheme based on the ERINDALE algorithm developed by Murty and Volkovs.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124481583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cognitive Radio (CR) is a new paradigm which aims to make more efficient use of the frequency spectrum whilst guarding against interference and generally providing a better quality of service for the user. In order to work alongside existing users the CR must monitor the available frequency spectrum, and reconfigure to transmit on a different frequency when necessary. There are good technical arguments for using an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna to perform the sensing function, whilst communicating via a narrowband antenna. This paper presents two different antennas which have been developed to address the specific demands of portable CR handsets. Each antenna combines UWB and narrowband functionality within a small space.
{"title":"Design and simulation of reconfigurable antenna for cognitive radio","authors":"B. Manimegalai, A. Bhuvaneshwari, S. Supraja","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185338","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive Radio (CR) is a new paradigm which aims to make more efficient use of the frequency spectrum whilst guarding against interference and generally providing a better quality of service for the user. In order to work alongside existing users the CR must monitor the available frequency spectrum, and reconfigure to transmit on a different frequency when necessary. There are good technical arguments for using an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna to perform the sensing function, whilst communicating via a narrowband antenna. This paper presents two different antennas which have been developed to address the specific demands of portable CR handsets. Each antenna combines UWB and narrowband functionality within a small space.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121849376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with the robust minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimation for LTE (Long Term Evolution) downlink OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system over time varying mobile environments. Recently robust estimators are proposed for OFDM systems with block type pilot structure. These estimators do not require channel correlation functions for estimation and give robust performance independent of actual power delay profile (PDP). However, LTE pilot structure is a combination of both block type and comb type pilot structure. Hence, there is a need to develop a channel estimator giving robust performance for LTE system. This allows the system to be deployed in rural areas having complex mobile environment such as more mud houses and dense trees. The mean square error (MSE) performance of the proposed estimator is analyzed with various power delay profiles applicable to LTE systems. Analytical expressions are derived for MSE and it is verified that both analytical and simulation results are exactly matching.
{"title":"Robust minimum mean square error channel estimation for LTE downlink OFDM system","authors":"K. Rajeswari, K. Bruntha, S. Thiruvengadam","doi":"10.1145/2185216.2185239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185216.2185239","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the robust minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimation for LTE (Long Term Evolution) downlink OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system over time varying mobile environments. Recently robust estimators are proposed for OFDM systems with block type pilot structure. These estimators do not require channel correlation functions for estimation and give robust performance independent of actual power delay profile (PDP). However, LTE pilot structure is a combination of both block type and comb type pilot structure. Hence, there is a need to develop a channel estimator giving robust performance for LTE system. This allows the system to be deployed in rural areas having complex mobile environment such as more mud houses and dense trees. The mean square error (MSE) performance of the proposed estimator is analyzed with various power delay profiles applicable to LTE systems. Analytical expressions are derived for MSE and it is verified that both analytical and simulation results are exactly matching.","PeriodicalId":180836,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief","volume":"284 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131518205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：