印度基于物联网的自动化农业系统模型

S. Raj, Saksham Sehrawet, Nikhil Patwari, K. Sathiya
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引用次数: 4

摘要

农业一直是人类文明的支柱,从一开始就帮助我们作为一个物种蓬勃发展。与此同时,农业和相关部门一直对印度的国内生产总值(GDP)做出重大贡献。截至2017年,它们约占印度GDP总量的17.3%。几十年来,农业也是该国超过58%的农村家庭的最大生计来源。多年来,农业取得了许多技术进步。尽管如此,印度的农业实践在很大程度上仍然是传统的,在很大程度上依赖于人类的参与。印度的净播种面积约为1.4亿公顷,其中只有47%的土地得到灌溉,而且仍然主要依赖良好的季风来满足用水需求。除了灌溉,农民还需要知道许多其他问题,比如他们的作物没有获得足够的价值,生产的作物超过了对作物的需求,以及在将作物运往市场的过程中花费过多的钱。如果我们引入理论上已经存在了相当长一段时间但尚未在基层实施的技术,这一切都可以避免。我们谈论的是IoT(物联网),它基本上是一个由互联网支持的对象网络,加上有助于与这些对象交互的web服务。物联网网络将包括三个子系统,每个子系统都旨在解决上述三个主要问题。第一个将解决供需异常,第二个将解决灌溉问题,但也将使用不同的传感器节点执行数据采集。最后一个子系统将旨在设计这样一个模型,通过启用一个池系统,使每个农民都能受益并减少他们的费用,从而大大降低农民的运输成本。
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IoT based model of automated agricultural system in India
Agriculture has always been the backbone of human civilization and something which has helped us flourish as a species since the beginning. Along with this, agriculture and the associated sectors have always had a major contribution towards India's GDP (Gross Domestic Product). As of 2017, they serve about 17.3 percent of the total GDP of India. Agriculture has also been the largest source of livelihood, for decades, in over 58 percent of the rural households of the country. Over the years, agriculture has seen many technological advancements. Despite this, agricultural practices in India are still largely traditional and are dependent on human involvement in a major way. India has a net sown area of around 14 crore hectares out of which only 47 percent of the land is under irrigation and still majorly depends majorly on good monsoon to fulfil the water requirements. Irrigation aside, farmers also need to know a lot of other problems like not getting enough value for their crops, producing more crops than the demand for that crop and spending excess amount of money in transporting the crops to the market. All this can be avoided if we introduce the technology that has been theoretically present for quite some time but has not been implemented at the ground level, yet. We are talking about IoT (Internet of Things) which is basically a network of objects enabled by internet coupled with the web services that helps in interact with these objects. The IoT network would include three subsystems which would each aim to solve the three major problems stated above. The first would solve the supply-demand anomaly, the next would solve the irrigation problem but would also perform data acquisition using the different sensor nodes. The last subsystem would be aimed at designing such a model that would reduce the transportation costs of the farmers considerably by enabling a pool system wherein every farmer would benefit and reduce their expense.
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