Evaluation of public transport to develop possible solutions for the implementation of a sustainable transport study on the example of Baghdad

Sustainable urban transport refers to activities for people's mobility that advance economic and social development for current needs by providing efficient, accessible, safe, and affordable transportation with low carbon emissions and less environmental impact. The paper presents an overview of the sustainable urban transport concept, representing the dimensions of sustainable urban transport. The article includes a case study for developing urban transport in Baghdad to evaluate public transport and elaborate on possible solutions for implementing sustainable urban transport. The assessment process was conducted according to the Sustainable Urban Transport Index developed by UN ESCAP. The analysis and design process was completed with the assistance of the PTV-Visum application. The application helped to estimate the demand for public and private vehicles for both scenarios of current public transport and suggested solutions. Both results from the sustainable urban transport index and PTV-Visum have helped to summarize the possible solutions for sustainable urban transport in Iraq.