Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.5450
Marcin Kąkol, Z. Lozia, R. Piłatowicz
The article presents an overview of the current normative, national, and international documents, containing in their content the requirements for devices coupling a car with a trailer in terms of technical conditions that these devices must meet to confirm proper performance and ensure the possibility of safe use during exploitation before will go on sale. Attention was paid to the division of coupling devices of motor vehicles and trailers into classes according to Regulation 55 of the UN/ECE and the resulting requirements. The principles according to which it should be accepted that couplings meet the approval requirements are discussed, and the meaning and way equipment manufacturers determine the characteristic values of the indicated coupling parameters are explained. Requirements for the minimum and maximum loads exerted by the trailer on the coupling device are presented. Particular attention was paid to the existing technical solutions (including patent claims in the Patent Office of the Republic of Poland or in the European Patent Office) regarding coupling devices characterized by the possibility of measuring the static vertical force on the coupling and couplings with vertical flexibility (compliance), which can potentially reduce dynamic loads on the coupling device. Calculations focused on two practical applications are planned using the article's content and simulation. The first is the ability to assess the impact of introducing vertical compliance to the coupling device on its durability. The second is the ability to assess the impact of the value of the static vertical load of the coupling device (resulting from the trailer load and the longitudinal position of its center of mass) on the length of the braking distance of the combination: towing vehicle - trailer.
{"title":"Car-trailer coupling devices - description of requirements and overview of flexible and static load measuring solutions","authors":"Marcin Kąkol, Z. Lozia, R. Piłatowicz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.5450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.5450","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an overview of the current normative, national, and international documents, containing in their content the requirements for devices coupling a car with a trailer in terms of technical conditions that these devices must meet to confirm proper performance and ensure the possibility of safe use during exploitation before will go on sale. Attention was paid to the division of coupling devices of motor vehicles and trailers into classes according to Regulation 55 of the UN/ECE and the resulting requirements. The principles according to which it should be accepted that couplings meet the approval requirements are discussed, and the meaning and way equipment manufacturers determine the characteristic values of the indicated coupling parameters are explained. Requirements for the minimum and maximum loads exerted by the trailer on the coupling device are presented. Particular attention was paid to the existing technical solutions (including patent claims in the Patent Office of the Republic of Poland or in the European Patent Office) regarding coupling devices characterized by the possibility of measuring the static vertical force on the coupling and couplings with vertical flexibility (compliance), which can potentially reduce dynamic loads on the coupling device. Calculations focused on two practical applications are planned using the article's content and simulation. The first is the ability to assess the impact of introducing vertical compliance to the coupling device on its durability. The second is the ability to assess the impact of the value of the static vertical load of the coupling device (resulting from the trailer load and the longitudinal position of its center of mass) on the length of the braking distance of the combination: towing vehicle - trailer.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141412773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.5451
Darkhan Sakanov, Daulet Aspanbetov, Serik Nurmetov, A. Czerepicki
Although public bodies need to know drivers’ perception of road safety, in Kazakhstan there are no valid and reliable instruments that propose an integral dimensionality. The objective of this study summarizes a survey conducted among 313 people in Zhezkazgan during from 30 may to 4 June 2022 for define main necessary directs of an information campaign strategy to raise public awareness in the field of road safety. Methodology: For sociological study of the behavior and attitude of road users regarding road safety, we preparation of the questionnaire were performed based on the experience of ESRA within the current road safety issues in Kazakhstan. Results: By social survey define following main areas to which it is necessary to direct the theme of campaign to increase the perception of road safety of the population: (i) speeding, (ii) intoxicated driving, (iii) unsafe pedestrian behavior, (iv) using of protective equipment, (v) read a text message/email or check social media and talk on hand-held phone while driving, (vi) listening to music through headphones for a pedestrian while walking in the street, and (vii) fatigued driving. Conclusions: This study fills a gap in the existing literature related to the lack of reliable and valid instruments available in Kazakhstan to collect information on perceptions of road safety factors, regulatory framework and intervention measures, road infrastructure, vehicles, socioeconomic, human, and driving precautions.
{"title":"Perception and behavior road users' attitude to road safety: Kazakhstan context","authors":"Darkhan Sakanov, Daulet Aspanbetov, Serik Nurmetov, A. Czerepicki","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.5451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.5451","url":null,"abstract":"Although public bodies need to know drivers’ perception of road safety, in Kazakhstan there are no valid and reliable instruments that propose an integral dimensionality. The objective of this study summarizes a survey conducted among 313 people in Zhezkazgan during from 30 may to 4 June 2022 for define main necessary directs of an information campaign strategy to raise public awareness in the field of road safety. Methodology: For sociological study of the behavior and attitude of road users regarding road safety, we preparation of the questionnaire were performed based on the experience of ESRA within the current road safety issues in Kazakhstan. Results: By social survey define following main areas to which it is necessary to direct the theme of campaign to increase the perception of road safety of the population: (i) speeding, (ii) intoxicated driving, (iii) unsafe pedestrian behavior, (iv) using of protective equipment, (v) read a text message/email or check social media and talk on hand-held phone while driving, (vi) listening to music through headphones for a pedestrian while walking in the street, and (vii) fatigued driving. Conclusions: This study fills a gap in the existing literature related to the lack of reliable and valid instruments available in Kazakhstan to collect information on perceptions of road safety factors, regulatory framework and intervention measures, road infrastructure, vehicles, socioeconomic, human, and driving precautions.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.5151
Sebastian Sobczuk
Transport plays an essential role in the country's socio-economic development, as it enables efficient functioning of individual sectors of the economy. It is a factor enhancing the development of many areas of life, including tourist travel. A characteristic feature of tourism is the movement of people to places of attractive value. Therefore, transport is necessary for its existence. The tourist industry has been severely affected by the spread of COVID-19. The crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic has weakened the condition of the tourist services sector and affected transport. The article aims to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the transport sector concerning changes in tourist transport passengers. Data on tourist traffic in Poland was used in this publication. It has been shown that the weakening of tourism significantly translated into changes in the number of passengers traveling. The decrease in the number of people transported mainly affected air and road transport; however, more minor differences were observed in transport based on rail, sea, and inland waterways. The decrease in the number of recorded tourist trips was reflected in the shares of individual transport modes in passenger transport. In response to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, travelers' preferences changed regarding their means of transport. Since mid-2021, tourism has been returning to the path of positive development, noticeable in domestic and foreign travel.
{"title":"Transport in the tourist services sector in Poland during the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Sebastian Sobczuk","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.5151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.5151","url":null,"abstract":"Transport plays an essential role in the country's socio-economic development, as it enables efficient functioning of individual sectors of the economy. It is a factor enhancing the development of many areas of life, including tourist travel. A characteristic feature of tourism is the movement of people to places of attractive value. Therefore, transport is necessary for its existence. The tourist industry has been severely affected by the spread of COVID-19. The crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic has weakened the condition of the tourist services sector and affected transport. The article aims to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the transport sector concerning changes in tourist transport passengers. Data on tourist traffic in Poland was used in this publication. It has been shown that the weakening of tourism significantly translated into changes in the number of passengers traveling. The decrease in the number of people transported mainly affected air and road transport; however, more minor differences were observed in transport based on rail, sea, and inland waterways. The decrease in the number of recorded tourist trips was reflected in the shares of individual transport modes in passenger transport. In response to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, travelers' preferences changed regarding their means of transport. Since mid-2021, tourism has been returning to the path of positive development, noticeable in domestic and foreign travel.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141231348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9656
Sławomir Tkaczyk, Mariusz Szpotański
Manufacturers and operators of the logistics market are constantly looking for ways (opportunities) to reduce the costs of their operations. This also applies to all types of packaging. A conflict arises here between manufacturers and carriers. Producers will try to reduce the costs of collective packaging as much as possible (this packaging does not affect customers’ purchasing decisions), while for transport operations, this packaging will determine the safety and quality of transported cargo. Preparing the load for transport - properly selected packaging (its shape, resistance to pressure, etc.), and above all, the proper way of forming and securing PSU (pallet load units) is a very important issue for the manufacturer/sender (as the first link in the distribution chain). It has a huge impact on the formation of cargo damage during its transport. As part of the research conducted by the authors in the area of optimization of cargo securing costs and minimization of cargo damage, the lack of a systemic approach to the problem of cargo damage in road transport was observed. The article discusses the causes of damage to palletized loads during road transport and illustrates some of these damages. Identification of the causes of damage made it possible to classify damage to palletized loads, and in the future, it will allow the development of ways to limit them, the so-called good practices for securing palletized loads.
{"title":"Damage to palletized loads in road transport","authors":"Sławomir Tkaczyk, Mariusz Szpotański","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9656","url":null,"abstract":"Manufacturers and operators of the logistics market are constantly looking for ways (opportunities) to reduce the costs of their operations. This also applies to all types of packaging. A conflict arises here between manufacturers and carriers. Producers will try to reduce the costs of collective packaging as much as possible (this packaging does not affect customers’ purchasing decisions), while for transport operations, this packaging will determine the safety and quality of transported cargo. Preparing the load for transport - properly selected packaging (its shape, resistance to pressure, etc.), and above all, the proper way of forming and securing PSU (pallet load units) is a very important issue for the manufacturer/sender (as the first link in the distribution chain). It has a huge impact on the formation of cargo damage during its transport. As part of the research conducted by the authors in the area of optimization of cargo securing costs and minimization of cargo damage, the lack of a systemic approach to the problem of cargo damage in road transport was observed. The article discusses the causes of damage to palletized loads during road transport and illustrates some of these damages. Identification of the causes of damage made it possible to classify damage to palletized loads, and in the future, it will allow the development of ways to limit them, the so-called good practices for securing palletized loads.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0856
Łukasz Antolik, Robert Bińkowski
The article presents a study of analyzed cases of operational damages of the railway axles, which caused the derailment of the rolling stock. A case of twisting the axle journal and cracking the axle journal in freight wagons will be presented as an example. Both considered cases concern samples that have been in operation for decades and are made of unalloyed steel commonly used at this time. The scope of the tests included verification of the material properties, inspection of fractures, MES simulations, and description of the cause-effect sequence leading to the incidents. The presented material can be used to raise awareness and improve the competence of operational staff employed in the entities in charge of maintenance (ECM).
{"title":"Damage causes of the railway axles – case study","authors":"Łukasz Antolik, Robert Bińkowski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.0856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.0856","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a study of analyzed cases of operational damages of the railway axles, which caused the derailment of the rolling stock. A case of twisting the axle journal and cracking the axle journal in freight wagons will be presented as an example. Both considered cases concern samples that have been in operation for decades and are made of unalloyed steel commonly used at this time. The scope of the tests included verification of the material properties, inspection of fractures, MES simulations, and description of the cause-effect sequence leading to the incidents. The presented material can be used to raise awareness and improve the competence of operational staff employed in the entities in charge of maintenance (ECM).","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9743
Katarzyna Chruzik, Piotr Uchroński, Iwona Krzyżewska
Transportation accessibility for people with disabilities is the challenge of our time. In Poland, there are more than 3 million people with disabilities who have legal proof of disability. In reality, there are many more - from 4 to as many as 7 million. Thus, there is a need to actively include this group of people in social life, including in the area of public transportation. This work aims to present issues related to the accessibility of integrated interchanges for people with special needs. The work also points to a key issue for transport system managers related to and aggregation of knowledge necessary to implement the changes in transport infrastructure. Information about the needs of people with disabilities is, in turn, a prerequisite for proper universal design, which is already becoming noticeable in many areas of social and economic life. As technology evolves, so do the methods of obtaining information about the needs of people with disabilities. The difficulty here, however, is to develop tools that take into account the degree of disability of the specific people from whom we would like to obtain information. The authors in the paper justify, on the one hand, measures that aim to eliminate the difficulties that a person with special needs may encounter when traveling by various means of transportation, and on the other hand, point to certain solutions and tools that are used to acquire knowledge that will consequently allow the precise adaptation of the current infrastructure to the needs precisely defined by these people. The aggregation of knowledge also has additional significance in terms of increasing transportation accessibility for people with disabilities. It enables the informed design of new facilities and supporting infrastructure to take into account the changing needs of people with disabilities.
{"title":"Analysis of accessibility map concept for integrated transfer hub","authors":"Katarzyna Chruzik, Piotr Uchroński, Iwona Krzyżewska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9743","url":null,"abstract":"Transportation accessibility for people with disabilities is the challenge of our time. In Poland, there are more than 3 million people with disabilities who have legal proof of disability. In reality, there are many more - from 4 to as many as 7 million. Thus, there is a need to actively include this group of people in social life, including in the area of public transportation. This work aims to present issues related to the accessibility of integrated interchanges for people with special needs. The work also points to a key issue for transport system managers related to and aggregation of knowledge necessary to implement the changes in transport infrastructure. Information about the needs of people with disabilities is, in turn, a prerequisite for proper universal design, which is already becoming noticeable in many areas of social and economic life. As technology evolves, so do the methods of obtaining information about the needs of people with disabilities. The difficulty here, however, is to develop tools that take into account the degree of disability of the specific people from whom we would like to obtain information. The authors in the paper justify, on the one hand, measures that aim to eliminate the difficulties that a person with special needs may encounter when traveling by various means of transportation, and on the other hand, point to certain solutions and tools that are used to acquire knowledge that will consequently allow the precise adaptation of the current infrastructure to the needs precisely defined by these people. The aggregation of knowledge also has additional significance in terms of increasing transportation accessibility for people with disabilities. It enables the informed design of new facilities and supporting infrastructure to take into account the changing needs of people with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.4106
Wiktor Wyszywacz
The unmanned aerial vehicle industry is developing dynamically and ahead of the regulations. Integrating manned and unmanned aviation is necessary to ensure an appropriate level of safety and the sustainable development of the unmanned aerial vehicle industry. Therefore, an amendment to the Polish aviation law has been prepared. It includes the effective EU regulations on UAS, which have been applied directly since the beginning of 2021. EU law, however, requires more details in many aspects. Specifying EU solutions will allow for a more effective impact of the regulations on UAS users and aviation authorities and the achievement of the assumed goals of the proposed changes. The article presents the reasons for the introduced changes, the outline and essence of EU regulatory solutions, and elements of national solutions. The proposed changes to the Aviation Law, the PANSA Act of December 8, 2006, and April 13, 2016, Act on compliance assessment and market surveillance systems were presented. The most important thing is the additional Section VIa - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles added to the Aviation Law. The article covers the content of six chapters, additional provisions, penal provisions, and new charges for geographic zones. The proposed amendments to the PANSA Act related to new obligations for the Agency are also presented. The article ends with a summary and conclusions that indicate the positive impact of the amendment. At the same time, an attempt was made to evaluate the introduced changes by identifying the shortcomings and imperfections of the new regulations.
{"title":"Projected changes concerning UAS in the Polish Aviation Law and other acts","authors":"Wiktor Wyszywacz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.4106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.4106","url":null,"abstract":"The unmanned aerial vehicle industry is developing dynamically and ahead of the regulations. Integrating manned and unmanned aviation is necessary to ensure an appropriate level of safety and the sustainable development of the unmanned aerial vehicle industry. Therefore, an amendment to the Polish aviation law has been prepared. It includes the effective EU regulations on UAS, which have been applied directly since the beginning of 2021. EU law, however, requires more details in many aspects. Specifying EU solutions will allow for a more effective impact of the regulations on UAS users and aviation authorities and the achievement of the assumed goals of the proposed changes. The article presents the reasons for the introduced changes, the outline and essence of EU regulatory solutions, and elements of national solutions. The proposed changes to the Aviation Law, the PANSA Act of December 8, 2006, and April 13, 2016, Act on compliance assessment and market surveillance systems were presented. The most important thing is the additional Section VIa - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles added to the Aviation Law. The article covers the content of six chapters, additional provisions, penal provisions, and new charges for geographic zones. The proposed amendments to the PANSA Act related to new obligations for the Agency are also presented. The article ends with a summary and conclusions that indicate the positive impact of the amendment. At the same time, an attempt was made to evaluate the introduced changes by identifying the shortcomings and imperfections of the new regulations.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128592102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0016.3417
D. Gallas, P. Stobnicki, W. Jakuszko, P. Urbański, Justyna Kikut
In response to the market demand for modern special-purpose rail vehicles, an overview of the rolling stock available on the European and world markets was developed, along with an analysis of the scope of works they performed. The need for new alternative forms of propulsion in line with the development directions, taking into account EU and national environmental goals, was discussed. The paper presents a design of a proprietary modern special-purpose vehicle with an alternative drive. It discusses it compared to other special-purpose vehicles regarding their parameters and the viability of different drive systems, including hydrogen fuel cells.
{"title":"Application of alternative drive systems in modern special-purpose rail vehicles","authors":"D. Gallas, P. Stobnicki, W. Jakuszko, P. Urbański, Justyna Kikut","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.3417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.3417","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the market demand for modern special-purpose rail vehicles, an overview of the rolling stock available on the European and world markets was developed, along with an analysis of the scope of works they performed. The need for new alternative forms of propulsion in line with the development directions, taking into account EU and national environmental goals, was discussed. The paper presents a design of a proprietary modern special-purpose vehicle with an alternative drive. It discusses it compared to other special-purpose vehicles regarding their parameters and the viability of different drive systems, including hydrogen fuel cells.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129463391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.4050
Anna Kobaszyńska-Twardowska, Monika Wantuła
Elements that participate in operational risk analysis procedures are hazard sources, hazards, and undesirable events. Following the International Civil Aviation Organization, the continuous hazard identification process allows the safety level in civil aviation to be reduced and maintained at an acceptable level or below that level. For hazard detection to be a systemic process, tools are needed to achieve this goal. The main stages of formulating hazards are task assessment, description of hazards, and description of causes. The description of hazards should be prepared based on information about the hazard sources. Brainstorming, engineering knowledge, or checklists can be used to obtain information about the hazard sources in a selected area. Checklists for the areas of analysis are a frequently used tool to identify hazard sources. The safety of air operations begins at the airport and apron. That is why assessing the risk at ground handling workstations is so essential. After analyzing the regulations on the safety of ground handling workers in terms of safety and occupational health and safety, many issues remain unregulated. Ground handling workers are an essential link affecting the safety of air operations. It is important that when starting the performance of their duties, employees are adequately trained, equipped with the necessary tools, and have a good level of well-being so that an accident does not occur. A checklist was developed to determine whether the employee has the appropriate equipment, is adequately trained, and whether his mental and physical health condition allows him to perform his duties. Forms were proposed for the airport equipment operator, airport apron worker, and operations coordination specialist. Declaring a response to the hazard allows the decision on whether or not to allow an employee to work.
{"title":"Hazard identification at airport ground handling locations","authors":"Anna Kobaszyńska-Twardowska, Monika Wantuła","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.4050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.4050","url":null,"abstract":"Elements that participate in operational risk analysis procedures are hazard sources, hazards, and undesirable events. Following the International Civil Aviation Organization, the continuous hazard identification process allows the safety level in civil aviation to be reduced and maintained at an acceptable level or below that level. For hazard detection to be a systemic process, tools are needed to achieve this goal. The main stages of formulating hazards are task assessment, description of hazards, and description of causes. The description of hazards should be prepared based on information about the hazard sources. Brainstorming, engineering knowledge, or checklists can be used to obtain information about the hazard sources in a selected area. Checklists for the areas of analysis are a frequently used tool to identify hazard sources. The safety of air operations begins at the airport and apron. That is why assessing the risk at ground handling workstations is so essential. After analyzing the regulations on the safety of ground handling workers in terms of safety and occupational health and safety, many issues remain unregulated. Ground handling workers are an essential link affecting the safety of air operations. It is important that when starting the performance of their duties, employees are adequately trained, equipped with the necessary tools, and have a good level of well-being so that an accident does not occur. A checklist was developed to determine whether the employee has the appropriate equipment, is adequately trained, and whether his mental and physical health condition allows him to perform his duties. Forms were proposed for the airport equipment operator, airport apron worker, and operations coordination specialist. Declaring a response to the hazard allows the decision on whether or not to allow an employee to work.","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114496016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.4121
Renata Barcikowska, Eliza Wawrzyn
In Horizon 2020, funding for research and innovation in the railway area was entirely channeled through the Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking (Shift2Rail). Shift2Rail was founded in 2014 as a Public-Private Partnership between the European Union (EU) and the rail industry and aimed to coordinate and manage EU research and investment in the rail sector. From the current financial perspective - Horizon Europe - the successor to Shift2Rail, is Europe's Rail Joint Undertaking (EU-Rail). The new rail partnership aims to enable the European rail network to play a vital role in the Green Deal policy for environmentally friendly and energy-efficient mobility. In 2017, the National Centre for Research and Development (NCBR) and PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe (PLK S.A.) established a Joint Undertaking, Research and Development of Railway Infrastructure, with the acronym BRIK. The program supports research and development (R&D) work in railway infrastructure and aims at increasing the Polish railway potential. The article provides a critical-cognitive analysis of selected joint R&D projects in the railway sector at both European and national levels. The activity of the Railway Research Institute (IK) in international and national projects is also presented. The article attempts to answer the research question: Are European and national programs supporting research in the railway area an appropriate and sufficient funding source? The research methods used included source material analysis, comparative approach, data analysis of the EU, Railway Research Institute, National Centre for Development Research (NCBR), and case study.
在“地平线2020”计划中，铁路领域的研究和创新资金完全通过Shift2Rail联合项目(Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking)提供。Shift2Rail成立于2014年，是欧盟与铁路行业之间的公私合作伙伴关系，旨在协调和管理欧盟在铁路部门的研究和投资。从目前的财务角度来看，Horizon Europe是Shift2Rail的继承者，是欧洲铁路联合企业(EU-Rail)。新的铁路合作伙伴关系旨在使欧洲铁路网络在绿色协议政策中发挥至关重要的作用，以实现环保和节能的交通。2017年，国家研究与发展中心(NCBR)和PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe (PLK S.A.)建立了铁路基础设施研究与开发联合企业，首字母缩写为BRIK。该计划支持铁路基础设施的研发工作，旨在提高波兰铁路的潜力。本文对欧洲和国家层面铁路部门选定的联合研发项目进行了批判性认知分析。还介绍了铁路研究所在国际和国家项目中的活动。本文试图回答一个研究问题:欧洲和国家支持铁路领域研究的计划是一个适当和充足的资金来源吗?采用的研究方法包括资料分析、比较法、欧盟数据分析、铁路研究所、国家发展研究中心(NCBR)和案例研究。
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