Josh Brunner, Lily Chung, E. Demaine, D. Hendrickson, Adam Hesterberg, Adam Suhl, Avi Zeff
{"title":"1 x 1 Rush Hour with Fixed Blocks完成pspace","authors":"Josh Brunner, Lily Chung, E. Demaine, D. Hendrickson, Adam Hesterberg, Adam Suhl, Avi Zeff","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.FUN.2021.7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Consider $n^2-1$ unit-square blocks in an $n \\times n$ square board, where each block is labeled as movable horizontally (only), movable vertically (only), or immovable -- a variation of Rush Hour with only $1 \\times 1$ cars and fixed blocks. We prove that it is PSPACE-complete to decide whether a given block can reach the left edge of the board, by reduction from Nondeterministic Constraint Logic via 2-color oriented Subway Shuffle. By contrast, polynomial-time algorithms are known for deciding whether a given block can be moved by one space, or when each block either is immovable or can move both horizontally and vertically. Our result answers a 15-year-old open problem by Tromp and Cilibrasi, and strengthens previous PSPACE-completeness results for Rush Hour with vertical $1 \\times 2$ and horizontal $2 \\times 1$ movable blocks and 4-color Subway Shuffle.","PeriodicalId":293763,"journal":{"name":"Fun with Algorithms","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"7","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"1 x 1 Rush Hour with Fixed Blocks is PSPACE-complete\",\"authors\":\"Josh Brunner, Lily Chung, E. Demaine, D. Hendrickson, Adam Hesterberg, Adam Suhl, Avi Zeff\",\"doi\":\"10.4230/LIPIcs.FUN.2021.7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Consider $n^2-1$ unit-square blocks in an $n \\\\times n$ square board, where each block is labeled as movable horizontally (only), movable vertically (only), or immovable -- a variation of Rush Hour with only $1 \\\\times 1$ cars and fixed blocks. We prove that it is PSPACE-complete to decide whether a given block can reach the left edge of the board, by reduction from Nondeterministic Constraint Logic via 2-color oriented Subway Shuffle. By contrast, polynomial-time algorithms are known for deciding whether a given block can be moved by one space, or when each block either is immovable or can move both horizontally and vertically. Our result answers a 15-year-old open problem by Tromp and Cilibrasi, and strengthens previous PSPACE-completeness results for Rush Hour with vertical $1 \\\\times 2$ and horizontal $2 \\\\times 1$ movable blocks and 4-color Subway Shuffle.\",\"PeriodicalId\":293763,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Fun with Algorithms\",\"volume\":\"45 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-03-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"7\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Fun with Algorithms\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FUN.2021.7\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fun with Algorithms","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FUN.2021.7","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
1 x 1 Rush Hour with Fixed Blocks is PSPACE-complete
Consider $n^2-1$ unit-square blocks in an $n \times n$ square board, where each block is labeled as movable horizontally (only), movable vertically (only), or immovable -- a variation of Rush Hour with only $1 \times 1$ cars and fixed blocks. We prove that it is PSPACE-complete to decide whether a given block can reach the left edge of the board, by reduction from Nondeterministic Constraint Logic via 2-color oriented Subway Shuffle. By contrast, polynomial-time algorithms are known for deciding whether a given block can be moved by one space, or when each block either is immovable or can move both horizontally and vertically. Our result answers a 15-year-old open problem by Tromp and Cilibrasi, and strengthens previous PSPACE-completeness results for Rush Hour with vertical $1 \times 2$ and horizontal $2 \times 1$ movable blocks and 4-color Subway Shuffle.