建立艾尔郡牛参考种群的可能性

A. Petrova, E. Vasileva
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引用次数: 1

摘要

目的:目的是研究俄罗斯联邦艾尔郡品种区域种群的丰度、分布面积和遗传相似性,以便有可能形成一个参考种群,并利用现代方法对牛的小种群进行基因组评估。材料和方法。材料为国内外研究人员的文章和介绍,俄罗斯企业年鉴、公告和评价牛目录中关于艾尔郡奶牛品种繁育和牛畜的统计数据。研究和分析电子资源。结果。为了在俄罗斯艾尔郡牛中引入基因组选择(GS),有必要建立一个参考群体,利用该群体将分子标记(snp)与BLUP方法评估的动物育种价值联系起来。同时,随着动物评估准确性的提高和牲畜的积累,基因组评估的可靠性也随之提高。为了在未来获得更准确的基因组评估,考虑公牛后代和女儿的生产性状对于补充和更新参考种群是必要的。随着GS的引入,种群的遗传进程将加快,生产者的代际间隔和经济成本将降低。基因组预测的准确性显著提高,并将超过对亲本个体的预测。作为分析的结果,它被发现,在未来几年,有可能形成一个参考种群的基因组评估艾尔郡牛。参考种群将允许尽快开始引进GS以培育高产家畜的过程,因为今天俄罗斯的艾尔郡牛不仅无法在世界畜牧业的领导地位上竞争,而且在国内也无法与进口基因竞争。
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Possibility of creating a reference population of Ayrshire cattle
Purpose: the goal is to study the abundance, distribution area and genetic similarity of regional populations of the Ayrshire breed of the Russian Federation for the possibility of forming a reference population and conducting a genomic assessment using modern methods for small populations of cattle.Materials and methods. The material was articles and presentations of domestic and foreign researchers, statistical data on the breeding and bovine livestock of the Ayrshire breed of dairy cattle in yearbooks, bulletins and catalogs for evaluating bulls of enterprises in Russia. Studied and analyzed electronic resources.Results. To introduce genomic selection (GS) for Ayrshire cattle of Russia, it is necessary to form a reference population, which will be used to link molecular markers (SNPs) with the breeding value of animals evaluated using the BLUP method. At the same time, with an increase in the accuracy of the assessment of animals and the accumulation of livestock, the reliability of the genomic assessment increases. Accounting for the productive traits of the descendants and daughters of bulls is necessary to replenish and update the reference population in order to obtain a more accurate genomic assessment in the future. With the introduction of GS, the genetic progress of the population will accelerate, the generation interval and economic costs for the producer will decrease. The accuracy of genomic prediction increases significantly and will exceed the prediction for parental individuals.Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, it was found that in the coming years it is possible to form a reference population for the genomic assessment of Ayrshire cattle. The reference population will allow as soon as possible to start the process of introducing GS to breed highly productive domestic animals, since today the Ayrshire cattle of Russia cannot compete not only at the world level with the leaders of animal husbandry, but also within the country with imported genetics.
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