Review on Factors which Affect Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) Quality in South Western, Ethiopia

Coffee is a perennial field crop which belongs to the genus Coffea in the Rubiaceae family, and is mostly grown in the tropical and subtropical regions (Berthaud and Charrier, 1988).Almost all the coff ee species are diploid (2n = 2x = 22) and generally self-incompatible except C. Arabica which is a natural allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 44) self-fertile species(Charrier and Berthaud, 1985). About 124 species of the genus Coffea have been identified so far (Davis et al., 2012). Coffea Arabica is known to be one of the most important beverages in the world and is a very important source of foreign exchange for many countries (Labouisse et al., 2008). In the consumer market, C. Arabica is preferred for its beverage quality, aromatic characteristics, and low-caff eine content compared to Robusta, which is characterized by a stronger bitterness, and higher-caff eine content. Arabica contributes towards 65% of global coff ee production (L ́ecolier et al., 2009).