Trastornos hidroelectrolíticos. Manifestaciones clínicas y tratamiento

The concept «homeostasis» is related to a normal and relatively constant maintenance in the total volume and distribution of water in the body. For its maintenance it is very important that the excretion of water and electrolytes correspond precisely to its input.

A description of the most important ions is developed in this article. It is structured by describing optimal levels, followed by their main role in the body.

The situation of excess or deficiency of each ion is described. Associated with each situation of abnormality, the most frequent causes, the clinical manifestations, and the appropriate treatments are listed.

It is considered very important to know the function of potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus or sodium and the problems that their imbalances can generate, aiming at the precise application of each of the extracorporeal therapies and the most appropriate treatment bags in each case.

Finally, a table of the composition of some treatment bags in continuous purifying therapies is offered based on the description offered by their own laboratories.