对死者的承诺

J. Taylor
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引用次数: 1

摘要

许多人试图通过追求他们相信在他们死后会有成果的项目来赋予他们的生命意义。知道他们的死亡将使他们无法保护或促进这些项目,那些从这些项目中获得意义的人往往会试图通过从其他人那里获得承诺,在他们死后担任他们的照顾者,来确保这些项目的延续。但是那些依赖这些观点的人面临着一个问题:四种主要的解释直接承诺义务的观点(权威观点、信任观点、保证观点和信赖观点)都不支持我们有义务履行我们对已经死去的人的承诺的观点。但是,对于那些希望用这样的承诺来保护自己赋予生命的意义的人,我将给他们带来希望。我认为,虽然我们不能因为违背生前对一个人的承诺而冤枉一个已经死去的人,但这样做却可能冤枉一个活着的人。因此,我们有理由遵守我们对那些已经死去的人所作的承诺。
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Promises to the Dead
Abstract Many people attempt to give meaning to their lives by pursuing projects that they believe will bear fruit after they have died. Knowing that their death will preclude them from protecting or promoting such projects people who draw meaning from them will often attempt to secure their continuance by securing promises from others to serve as their caretakers after they die. But those who rely on such are faced with a problem: None of the four major accounts that have been developed to explain directed promissory obligation (the Authority View, the Trust View, the Assurance View, and the Reliance View) support the view that we are obligated to keep our promises to persons who are now dead. But I will provide hope for those who wish to use such promises to protect the meaning with which they have endowed their lives. I will argue that while we cannot wrong a person who is now dead by breaking a promise made to her during her life, we could wrong the living by so doing. We thus (might) have reason to keep the promises that we made to those who are now dead.
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