迈克尔·翁达杰《英国病人》中的恋尸癖和医学安乐死:插图文学分析

James Metcalf
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摘要

对迈克尔·翁达杰的《英国病人》的文学批评分析认为,死亡是其主题和背景的重要组成部分。英国病人本身就代表着生与死的交界。他的手指烧伤并融合在一起了。他的脸伤痕累累,面无表情,身体的其余部分像木乃伊一样被纱布包裹着:他是死亡。死亡也围绕着他的护士哈娜。她的孩子和孩子的父亲都死了,她自己的父亲当然还有她的许多病人也死了。从更大的意义上说,别墅本身就是死亡,是一个时代和文化在战争中消亡的遗迹。哈娜是一名护士,在死亡和濒临死亡的人群中。安乐死是例行公事,虽然很仁慈,但毕竟是有预谋的谋杀。Ondaatje将安乐死作为护理实践的道德部分。在翁达杰的小说中,过去、现在和未来在走向死亡和超越死亡的过程中交织在一起。生与死是同一连续体上的片段。恋尸癖作为一种持续激情的死后插曲出现在这种连续体上。
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Necrophilia and Medical Euthanasia in Michael Ondaatjes TheEnglish Patient: An Illustrated Literary Analysis
Critical literary analysis of Michael Ondaatje’s The English Patient identifies death as a major part of both its theme and its setting. The English patient himself represents the interface between life and death. His fingers are burned and fused. His face is scarred and expressionless, and the remainder of his frame is wrapped in gauze like a mummy: he is death. Death also surrounds Hana, his nurse. Her baby and its father are dead, as is her own father and of course many of her patients. In a larger sense the villa itself is death, the remains of a time and culture now dead from war. Hana is a nurse among the dead and near dead. Euthanasia is routine…merciful enough, but premeditated murder nonetheless. Ondaatje presents such euthanasia as an ethical part of nursing practice. In Ondaatje’s novel, the past, the present, and the future intersect and entwine as they move toward death and beyond. Life and death are segments upon the same continuum. Necrophilia occurs upon that continuum as a post-mortem episode of a continuing passion.
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