Optimal pole placement for a self tuning PID controller

A stable PID controller design can be carried out by properly choosing pole location for desired performance in pole placement approach. Here the control of a plant represented by second order model is carried out by self-tuning adaptive PID (STC-PID) controller based on optimal pole placement design. The pole placement design is carried out by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique for STC-PID, in conjunction with on-line identification using recursive least square (RLS) parameter estimation method with directional forget factor for an Auto Regression Exogenous (ARX) model. The designed optimal pole placement self-tuning PID (PSO-PP STC-PID) Controller excels in performance to that of fixed-gain optimal PID Controller under parameter variation and random input. The design approach is applied to a case of Hybrid Power Generation System (HPGS) and the performance is presented in a comparative manner.