Concept of the First Polish Vacuum Train – 4p

The paper presents the general concept of the First Polish Vacuum Train, called 4P for short. Against the background of historical solutions, well-known concepts of the Hyperloop system and its own original idea have been characterized, adapted to Poland's conditions. Based on previous work on the development of electromobility, information on the 4P system was presented, selected from 15 studies carried out in 2013-2019, describing issues such as rolling stock, infrastructure, stations, loading, and unloading systems, safety systems, costs, potential routes in Poland. The Hyperloop system was compared with the 4P system, showing the superiority of 4P for national conditions.