我是什么,一块肉吗?以女性为对象的提喻话语

A. McMullen
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摘要

在2004年9月的一次采访中,唐纳德·特朗普同意霍华德·斯特恩(Howard Stern)关于他的女儿伊万卡(Ivanka)是“a piece of ass”的说法。这句话是一种针对女性的喻喻性话语(SUTW),我的意思是,它的形式是这样的,一个解剖部位的术语是用来指代女性的,或者可以被说话者用来指代女性。我提出了一个SUTW讲话者在进行SUTW时所做的理论,SUTW讲话者促使听话者参与某种贬损的联想思维模式——也就是说,在伊丽莎白·坎普的意义上,采取一种“视角”——对女性主体。这种观点将她简化为有问题的身体部分——也就是说,将她碎片化(将她简化为一个部分)并将她生物化(将她定性为仅仅是活的组织)。从本质上讲,听者认为这个女人是“一块肉”。
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What Am I, a Piece of Meat? Synecdochical Utterances Targeting Women
In a September 2004 interview, Donald Trump agreed with Howard Stern’s statement that his daughter Ivanka is “a piece of ass.” This utterance is a synecdochical utterance targeting women (SUTW), by which I mean that its form is such that a term for an anatomical part is predicated of, or could be used by a speaker to refer to, a woman. I propound a theory of what SUTW speakers do in undertaking an SUTW on which the SUTW speaker prompts the hearer to engage in a certain derogatory pattern of associational thinking—that is, taking a “perspective” in Elisabeth Camp’s sense—on the female subject. This perspective is one that reduces her to the bodily part in question—that is, fragments her (reduces her to a part) and biologizes her (characterizes her as mere living tissue). Essentially, the hearer thinks of the woman as a “piece of meat.”
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