神话对当今人类生活精神价值的启示——从萨拉·h·布拉德福德的《哈丽特·塔布曼:她人民的摩西》看

I. Triana, H. Yulianto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

美国是个以基督教为主要宗教的国家。事实上,基督教神话中的摩西对这个国家的宗教有着重要的作用。美国总统杜鲁门在1950年写道,美国法律的根本基础是赐给摩西的十诫。美国也以自由著称。此外,美国自由有一个关于奴隶制的独特历史故事。哈丽特·塔布曼:她的人民的摩西小说描绘了哈丽特在解放非裔美国奴隶的旅程和斗争。本研究旨在探讨基督教神话中的摩西与小说故事的结合及其与当代人类生活精神价值的关系。本研究的方法是运用施特劳斯的结构主义方法和坎贝尔的《神话研究》进行定性研究分析。然后,数据分析的方法是基于哈丽特·塔布曼小说中的故事:她的人民的摩西和基督教神话中的摩西。布拉德福德的小说讲述了主人公哈丽特,她成为非裔美国奴隶的领袖,前往北美和加拿大寻求自由。而在基督教神话中,摩西被上帝选为以色列人的领袖,从埃及的奴役中走向自由。本研究的最后发现显示了小说的冲突,基督教神话中的摩西与小说中的故事的结合,以及基督教十诫对美国人精神价值观的影响,这在今天仍然有意义。例如,大多数美国人信奉第一诫的价值观;美国人普遍认为他们的社会是世界上最自由、最好的,这是八诫的价值;美国宪政民主在不侵犯他人权利的前提下,以自己的方式“追求”幸福的权利是十诫的结果;尽管仍有一些人违反了十诫中的一条或多条,但不知何故,仍有许多其他美国人在日常生活中坚持将十诫作为道德原则。关键词:非裔美国人,基督教神话,摩西,奴隶制,结构主义
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Myth as a Revelation of Spiritual Values for Today’s Human Life Reflected on Sarah H. Bradford’s "Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People"
America is a country with Christianity as the major religion. It is the fact that Moses in Christian myth has an important role to the religion of this country. The United States President Harry Truman wrote in 1950 that the fundamental basis of the laws of the United States was the Ten Commandments that were given to Moses. America is also known for the country of freedom. Besides, American freedom has a unique historical story which is about slavery. Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People novel depicts the journey and struggle of Harriet in liberating African American slaves. This study aims to identify the incorporation of Moses in Christian myth to the story in the novel and its relation to the spiritual values of human’s life in the present time. The method of this study is qualitative study analysis using structuralism method of Claude Levi Strauss and the Study of Myth by Joseph Campbell. Then, the method of data analysis is based on the story in Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People novel and Moses in Christian myth. Bradford’s novel tells about the main character named Harriet who became the leader of African American slaves to the Northern America and Canada for freedom. While in Christian myth, Moses was chosen by God to be the leader of Israelites to go from the land of Egypt bondage for freedom. The final finding of this study shows the conflict of the novel, the incorporation of Moses in Christian myth to the story in the novel and shows the Ten Commandments of Christianity influenced the spiritual values by Americans which is also still relevant today. For instance, most Americans are Christian as the values of the First Commandment; Americans commonly regard their society as the freest and best in the world as the value of the Eight Commandment; the right of American constitutional democracy to attempt to “pursue” happiness in their own way as long as they do not infringe upon the rights of others is a result of the Tenth Commandment; Although there are still some transgressions of one or more of the Commandments, there are somehow many other Americans who are still devoted to the Ten Commandments as moral principles in their daily life. Keywords: African-American, Christian myth, Moses, Slavery, Structuralism
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