Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Post-Disaster Built-up Expansion in Banda Aceh City, Indonesia

The 2004 tsunami destroyed most of the built-up areas in the city of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The physical development recoveries were immediately taken place to restore urban function. This study aims to identify spatio-temporal patterns of built-up expansion in the city of Banda Aceh during the recovery (2005–2009) and post-recovery period (2009–2019). Urban land cover was classified from Landsat imagery using the supervised classification method with maximum likelihood. The results indicate that the built-up area has increased from 1426 ha in 2005 to 3321 ha in 2019. The intensity of growth in the initial period was high, while the intensity in the following period has decreased significantly. Urban recovery had contributed greatly to the built-up expansion in a relatively short period of time. This study also proved the difference in the direction of expansion at the micro-scale (sub-district level) in the two periods.